feat: add determinant algorithm

[cosmicproc]

Implemented a determinant algorithm by using elimination.

[appgurueu]

What this essentially does is:

1. Use row operations (swaps, addition of scaled multiples) to achieve an upper triangular form; keep track of number of swaps for the sign;
2. Multiply the diagonal elements to find the determinant

I would ask you to factor out these two parts into two different functions or closures so this becomes more clear.

The first part in particular largely duplicates the logic in
https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/TypeScript/blob/master/maths/gaussian_elimination.ts.

It should ideally be possible to make this generic by simply having callbacks for row operations. Then both gaussian elimination and determinant computation could use the same function to achieve upper triangular form.

[cosmicproc]

The original version of this code used different functions but I wasn't sure which one would be preferred so I decided to merge them.