Spring Data MongoDB

The primary goal of the Spring Data project is to make it easier to build Spring-powered applications that use new data access technologies such as non-relational databases, map-reduce frameworks, and cloud based data services.

The Spring Data MongoDB project aims to provide a familiar and consistent Spring-based programming model for new datastores while retaining store-specific features and capabilities. The Spring Data MongoDB project provides integration with the MongoDB document database. Key functional areas of Spring Data MongoDB are a POJO centric model for interacting with a MongoDB Document and easily writing a repository style data access layer.

Code of Conduct

This project is governed by the Spring Code of Conduct. By participating, you are expected to uphold this code of conduct. Please report unacceptable behavior to spring-code-of-conduct@pivotal.io.

Getting Started

Here is a quick teaser of an application using Spring Data Repositories in Java:

public interface PersonRepository extends CrudRepository<Person, Long> {

  List<Person> findByLastname(String lastname);

  List<Person> findByFirstnameLike(String firstname);
}

@Service
public class MyService {

  private final PersonRepository repository;

  public MyService(PersonRepository repository) {
    this.repository = repository;
  }

  public void doWork() {

    repository.deleteAll();

    Person person = new Person();
    person.setFirstname("Oliver");
    person.setLastname("Gierke");
    repository.save(person);

    List<Person> lastNameResults = repository.findByLastname("Gierke");
    List<Person> firstNameResults = repository.findByFirstnameLike("Oli*");
 }
}

@Configuration
@EnableMongoRepositories
class ApplicationConfig extends AbstractMongoClientConfiguration {

  @Override
  protected String getDatabaseName() {
    return "springdata";
  }
}

Maven configuration

Add the Maven dependency:

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId>
  <version>${version}</version>
</dependency>

If you’d rather like the latest snapshots of the upcoming major version, use our Maven snapshot repository and declare the appropriate dependency version.

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId>
  <version>${version}-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>

<repository>
  <id>spring-snapshot</id>
  <name>Spring Snapshot Repository</name>
  <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
</repository>

Upgrading from 2.x

The 4.0 MongoDB Java Driver does no longer support certain features that have already been deprecated in one of the last minor versions. Some of the changes affect the initial setup configuration as well as compile/runtime features. We summarized the most typical changes one might encounter.

XML Namespace

Table 1. Changed XML Namespace Elements and Attributes:

Element / Attribute	2.x	3.x
<mongo:mongo-client />	Used to create a com.mongodb.MongoClient	Now exposes a com.mongodb.client.MongoClient
<mongo:mongo-client replica-set="…​" />	Was a comma delimited list of replica set members (host/port)	Now defines the replica set name. Use <mongo:client-settings cluster-hosts="…​" /> instead
<mongo:db-factory writeConcern="…​" />	NONE, NORMAL, SAFE, FSYNC_SAFE, REPLICAS_SAFE, MAJORITY	W1, W2, W3, UNACKNOWLEDGED, ACKNOWLEDGED, JOURNALED, MAJORITY

Table 2. Removed XML Namespace Elements and Attributes:

Element / Attribute	Replacement in 3.x	Comment
<mongo:db-factory mongo-ref="…​" />	<mongo:db-factory mongo-client-ref="…​" />	Referencing a com.mongodb.client.MongoClient.
<mongo:mongo-client credentials="…​" />	<mongo:mongo-client credential="…​" />	Single authentication data instead of list.
<mongo:client-options />	<mongo:client-settings />	See com.mongodb.MongoClientSettings for details.

Table 3. New XML Namespace Elements and Attributes:

Element	Comment
<mongo:db-factory mongo-client-ref="…​" />	Replacement for <mongo:db-factory mongo-ref="…​" />
<mongo:db-factory connection-string="…​" />	Replacement for uri and client-uri.
<mongo:mongo-client connection-string="…​" />	Replacement for uri and client-uri.
<mongo:client-settings />	Namespace element for com.mongodb.MongoClientSettings.

Java Configuration

Table 4. Java API changes

Type	Comment
MongoClientFactoryBean	Creates com.mongodb.client.MongoClient instead of com.mongodb.MongoClient Uses MongoClientSettings instead of MongoClientOptions.
MongoDataIntegrityViolationException	Uses WriteConcernResult instead of WriteResult.
BulkOperationException	Uses MongoBulkWriteException and com.mongodb.bulk.BulkWriteError instead of BulkWriteException and com.mongodb.BulkWriteError
ReactiveMongoClientFactoryBean	Uses com.mongodb.MongoClientSettings instead of com.mongodb.async.client.MongoClientSettings
ReactiveMongoClientSettingsFactoryBean	Now produces com.mongodb.MongoClientSettings instead of com.mongodb.async.client.MongoClientSettings

Table 5. Removed Java API:

2.x	Replacement in 3.x	Comment
MongoClientOptionsFactoryBean	MongoClientSettingsFactoryBean	Creating a com.mongodb.MongoClientSettings.
AbstractMongoConfiguration	AbstractMongoClientConfiguration (Available since 2.1)	Using com.mongodb.client.MongoClient.
MongoDbFactory#getLegacyDb()	-	-
SimpleMongoDbFactory	SimpleMongoClientDbFactory (Available since 2.1)
MapReduceOptions#getOutputType()	MapReduceOptions#getMapReduceAction()	Returns MapReduceAction instead of MapReduceCommand.OutputType.
Meta|Query maxScan & snapshot

Other Changes

UUID Types

The MongoDB UUID representation can now be configured with different formats. This has to be done via MongoClientSettings as shown in the snippet below.

Example 1. UUID Codec Configuration

static class Config extends AbstractMongoClientConfiguration {

    @Override
    public void configureClientSettings(MongoClientSettings.Builder builder) {
        builder.uuidRepresentation(UuidRepresentation.STANDARD);
    }

    // ...
}

Getting Help

Having trouble with Spring Data? We’d love to help!

• Check the reference documentation, and Javadocs.

• Learn the Spring basics – Spring Data builds on Spring Framework, check the spring.io web-site for a wealth of reference documentation. If you are just starting out with Spring, try one of the guides.

• If you are upgrading, check out the changelog for “new and noteworthy” features.

• Ask a question - we monitor stackoverflow.com for questions tagged with spring-data-mongodb. You can also chat with the community on Gitter.

• Report bugs with Spring Data MongoDB at github.com/spring-projects/spring-data-mongodb/issues.

Reporting Issues

Spring Data uses Github as issue tracking system to record bugs and feature requests. If you want to raise an issue, please follow the recommendations below:

• Before you log a bug, please search the issue tracker to see if someone has already reported the problem.

• If the issue does not already exist, create a new issue.

• Please provide as much information as possible with the issue report, we like to know the version of Spring Data that you are using, the JVM version, Stacktrace, etc.

• If you need to paste code, or include a stack trace use Markdown code fences ```.

Guides

The spring.io site contains several guides that show how to use Spring Data step-by-step:

• Accessing Data with MongoDB is a very basic guide that shows you how to create a simple application and how to access data using repositories.

• Accessing MongoDB Data with REST is a guide to creating a REST web service exposing data stored in MongoDB through repositories.

Examples

• Spring Data Examples contains example projects that explain specific features in more detail.

Building from Source

You do not need to build from source to use Spring Data. Binaries are available in repo.spring.io and accessible from Maven using the Maven configuration noted above.

Note	Configuration for Gradle is similar to Maven.

The best way to get started is by creating a Spring Boot project using MongoDB on start.spring.io. Follow this link to build an imperative application and this link to build a reactive one.

However, if you want to try out the latest and greatest, Spring Data MongoDB can be easily built with the Maven wrapper and minimally, JDK 17 (JDK downloads).

In order to build Spring Data MongoDB, you will need to download and install a MongoDB distribution.

Once you have installed MongoDB, you need to start a MongoDB server. It is convenient to set an environment variable to your MongoDB installation directory (e.g. MONGODB_HOME).

To run the full test suite, a MongoDB Replica Set is required.

To run the MongoDB server enter the following command from a command-line:

$ $MONGODB_HOME/bin/mongod --dbpath $MONGODB_HOME/runtime/data --ipv6 --port 27017 --replSet rs0
...
"msg":"Successfully connected to host"

Once the MongoDB server starts up, you should see the message (msg), "Successfully connected to host".

Notice the --dbpath option to the mongod command. You can set this to anything you like, but in this case, we set the absolute path to a sub-directory (runtime/data/) under the MongoDB installation directory (in $MONGODB_HOME).

You need to initialize the MongoDB replica set only once on the first time the MongoDB server is started. To initialize the replica set, start a mongo client:

$ $MONGODB_HOME/bin/mongo
MongoDB server version: 5.0.0
...

Then enter the following command:

mongo> rs.initiate({ _id: 'rs0', members: [ { _id: 0, host: '127.0.0.1:27017' } ] })

Finally, on UNIX-based system (for example, Linux or Mac OS X) you may need to adjust the ulimit. In case you need to, you can adjust the ulimit with the following command (32768 is just a recommendation):

$ ulimit -n 32768

You can use ulimit -a again to verify the ulimit for "open files" was set appropriately.

Now you are ready to build Spring Data MongoDB. Simply enter the following mvnw (Maven Wrapper) command:

 $ ./mvnw clean install

If you want to build with the regular mvn command, you will need Maven v3.8.0 or above.

Also see CONTRIBUTING.adoc if you wish to submit pull requests, and in particular, please sign the Contributor’s Agreement before your first non-trivial change.

Building reference documentation

Building the documentation builds also the project without running tests.

 $ ./mvnw clean install -Pdistribute

The generated documentation is available from target/site/reference/html/index.html.

License

Spring Data MongoDB is Open Source software released under the Apache 2.0 license.