Update Google_Colab.md

Table of contents modified + new subtopics

Google_Colab.md

@@ -3,22 +3,43 @@
 [Wellcome Connecting Science GitHub Home Page](https://github.com/WCSCourses) <br /> 
 [Wellcome Connecting Science Website](https://coursesandconferences.wellcomeconnectingscience.org/)
 
-## Table of Contents:
-1. [What is Google Colab?](#what-is-google-colab)
-2. [How Does Google Colab Work?](#how-does-google-colab-work)
-3. [Getting Started with Google Colab](#getting-started-with-google-colab)
-4. [Using Google Colab for Python](#google-colab-for-python)
-5. [Using R in Google Colab](#using-r-in-google-colab)
-6. [Conda Installation in Google Colab](#conda-installation-in-google-colab)
-7. [Using the Terminal in Google Colab](#using-the-terminal-in-google-colab)
-8. [Helpful Links](#helpful-links)
-9. [Helpful Communities](#helpful-communities)
-
-## What is Google Colab?
+## Table of Contents
+1. [What is Google Colab?](#1-what-is-google-colab)
+2. [How Does Google Colab Work?](#2-how-does-google-colab-work)
+3. [Getting Started with Google Colab](#3-getting-started-with-google-colab)
+4. [Using Google Colab for Python](#4-using-google-colab-for-python)  
+   a. [Opening Google Colab](#a-opening-google-colab)  
+   b. [Running Python Code](#b-running-python-code)  
+   c. [Using GPU/TPU](#c-using-gputpu)  
+5. [Using R in Google Colab](#5-using-r-in-google-colab)  
+   a. [Installing R](#a-installing-r)  
+   b. [Running R Code](#b-running-r-code)  
+6. [Conda Installation in Google Colab](#6-conda-installation-in-google-colab)  
+   a. [Install Miniconda](#a-install-miniconda)  
+   b. [Initialize Conda](#b-initialize-conda)  
+   c. [Creating a Conda Environment](#c-creating-a-conda-environment)  
+7. [Using the Terminal in Google Colab](#7-using-the-terminal-in-google-colab)  
+   a. [Open Terminal](#a-open-terminal)  
+   b. [Running Commands](#b-running-commands)  
+8. [Managing Files in Google Colab](#8-managing-files-in-google-colab)  
+ a. [Different Ways to Add Files in Google Colab](#a-different-ways-to-add-files-in-google-colab)  
+      - [Upload from Local Machine](#upload-from-local-machine)  
+      - [Mount Google Drive](#mount-google-drive)  
+      - [Use GitHub Repositories](#use-github-repositories)  
+      - [Download from a URL](#download-from-a-url) </br>
+ b. [Zipping Files](#b-zipping-files)  
+ c. [Unzipping Files](#c-unzipping-files)  
+ d. [Adding Data Before Zipping](#d-adding-data-before-zipping)  
+10. [Google Colab Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)](#9-google-colab-frequently-asked-questions-faqs)
+11. [Helpful Links](#10-helpful-links)
+12. [Helpful Communities](#11-helpful-communities)
+
+
+## 1. What is Google Colab?
 
 Google Colab, or "Collaboratory," is a cloud-based platform that allows you to write and execute Python code in a web browser. It is particularly popular for data analysis, machine learning, and artificial intelligence projects because it provides free access to powerful computing resources, including GPUs and TPUs.
 
-## How Does Google Colab Work?
+## 2. How Does Google Colab Work?
 
 Google Colab integrates seamlessly with Google Drive, making it easy to save and share your notebooks. Each notebook consists of code cells and text cells, allowing you to combine code, comments, and visualizations. Colab supports various Python libraries and frameworks, enabling you to run code without needing to set up a local environment.
 
@@ -29,49 +50,49 @@ Key features of Google Colab include:
 - **Pre-installed Libraries:** Colab comes with many popular libraries pre-installed, such as TensorFlow, NumPy, and Pandas.
 - **Easy Integration:** You can easily import datasets from Google Drive, GitHub, and other sources.
 
-## Getting Started with Google Colab
+## 3. Getting Started with Google Colab
 
 To get started with Google Colab using a shared link from Google Drive:
 
-1. **Open the Shared Link:** Click on the shared link provided to you. It will usually look like this: `https://drive.google.com/file/d/...`.
+a. **Open the Shared Link:** Click on the shared link provided to you. It will usually look like this: `https://drive.google.com/file/d/...`.
 
-2. **Make a Copy:** If the link opens a view-only version of the notebook, you can create your own editable copy by selecting **File > Save a copy in Drive**. This will save the notebook to your Google Drive.
+b. **Make a Copy:** If the link opens a view-only version of the notebook, you can create your own editable copy by selecting **File > Save a copy in Drive**. This will save the notebook to your Google Drive.
 
-3. **Open Your Copy:** Once the copy is saved, you can open it from your Google Drive. You can also access it anytime through Google Colab by selecting **File > Open notebook** and navigating to your Drive.
+c. **Open Your Copy:** Once the copy is saved, you can open it from your Google Drive. You can also access it anytime through Google Colab by selecting **File > Open notebook** and navigating to your Drive.
 
 ---
 
-## Google Colab for Python
+## 4. Using Google Colab for Python
 
 Google Colab allows you to write and execute Python code in the cloud, with access to free GPUs and TPUs. Here’s a quick start guide for Python in Colab.
 
-### 1. Opening Google Colab
+### a. Opening Google Colab
 
 - Go to [Google Colab](https://colab.research.google.com/).
 - Select **File > New notebook** to create a new notebook.
 
-### 2. Running Python Code
+### b. Running Python Code
 
 Create a code cell and run:
 
 ```python
 print("Hello, Colab!")
 ```
-### 3. Using GPU/TPU
+### c. Using GPU/TPU
 Enable GPU/TPU by going to **Runtime > Change runtime type** and selecting **GPU** or **TPU**.
 
 ---
 
-### Using R in Google Colab
+### 5. Using R in Google Colab
 You can use R in Google Colab by installing the necessary packages and changing the runtime.
 
-#### 1. Installing R
+#### a. Installing R
 In a code cell, run the following command to install R:
 
 ```bash
 !apt-get install r-base
 ```
-#### 2. Running R Code
+#### b. Running R Code
 After installing R, you can run R code by prefixing your code cell with %%R. For example:
 
 ```bash
@@ -81,58 +102,142 @@ print("Hello, R in Colab!")
 
 ---
 
-### Conda Installation in Google Colab
+### 6. Conda Installation in Google Colab
 You can install Conda in Google Colab to manage your Python packages and environments. Follow these steps:
 
-#### 1. Install Miniconda
+#### a. Install Miniconda
 In a code cell, run the following command to install Miniconda:
 
 ```bash
 !wget -qO- https://repo.anaconda.com/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh | bash
 ```
 
-#### 2. Initialize Conda
+#### b. Initialize Conda
 After installation, initialize Conda with:
 
 ```bash
 import sys
 !conda init
 ```
 
-#### 3. Creating a Conda Environment
+#### c. Creating a Conda Environment
 Create a new environment by running:
 
 ```bash
 !conda create --name myenv python=3.8
 ```
 
-#### Activate the environment:
+#### d. Activate the environment:
 
 ```bash
 !source activate myenv
 ```
 
 ---
-### Using the Terminal in Google Colab
+### 7. Using the Terminal in Google Colab
 You can access the terminal in Google Colab by using the following command:
 
-#### 1. Open Terminal
+#### a. Open Terminal
 In a code cell, run:
 
 ```bash
 !bash
 ```
 This will open a terminal session where you can execute standard Linux commands.
 
-#### 2. Running Commands
+#### b. Running Commands
 You can run any command as you would in a typical terminal environment. For example:
 
 ```bash
 ls
 ```
 ---
 
-## Helpful Links
+## 8. Managing Files in Google Colab
+
+#### a. Different Ways to Add Files in Google Colab
+#### Upload from Local Machine:
+
+To upload files directly from your local machine to Google Colab, use the following code:
+
+```bash
+from google.colab import files
+uploaded = files.upload()
+```
+
+#### Mount Google Drive: 
+
+You can mount your Google Drive to access files stored there. Use the following code to do this:
+
+```bash
+from google.colab import drive
+drive.mount('/content/drive')
+```
+After executing this, you’ll need to follow the authorization steps. Once mounted, you can access your Google Drive files under the /content/drive directory.
+
+#### Use GitHub Repositories:
+
+You can clone a GitHub repository to access files directly. Use the following command:
+
+```bash
+!git clone https://github.com/username/repo.git
+```
+Replace the username and repo with the appropriate GitHub username and repository name.
+
+#### Download from a URL:
+
+If you have a direct link to a file, you can use wget or curl to download it:
+```bash
+!wget 'http://example.com/path/to/file'
+```
+or
+
+```bash
+!curl -O 'http://example.com/path/to/file'
+```
+
+#### b. Zipping Files 
+You can zip files or folders in Google Colab using the following command:
+
+```bash
+!zip -r '/content/folder/filename.zip' /path/to/folder
+```
+This will create a zip file called filename.zip in the /content/folder/ directory.
+
+#### c. Unzipping Files
+To unzip a file in Google Colab, use the following command:
+
+```bash
+!unzip /path/to/file.zip
+```
+This will extract the contents of the zip file.
+
+#### d. Adding Data Before Zipping
+To add data to a zip file, move the necessary files or directories into a folder, and then zip the entire folder. For example:
+
+```bash
+!mkdir /content/folder
+!cp /path/to/file /content/folder
+!zip -r '/content/folder/filename.zip' /content/folder
+```
+This will copy the file to a folder and then zip the entire folder.
+
+### 9. Google Colab Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
+
+Q: How long can I run my notebook?
+A: The maximum runtime per session is 12 hours. You can restart the session if needed.
+
+Q: What happens if I leave my notebook idle?
+A: After 90 minutes of inactivity, Colab will stop the session. You will need to reconnect and rerun your code.
+
+Q: Can I save my work if my session stops?
+A: Yes, save your notebooks to Google Drive or manually download files before the session expires.
+
+Q: Can I increase the runtime limit?
+A: Google Colab has a fixed runtime limit of 12 hours per session. You cannot extend this limit, but you can reconnect and restart the session.
+
+---
+## 10. Helpful Links
 
 - [Google Colab Documentation](https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/welcome.ipynb)  
   Official documentation to help you get started with Google Colab.
@@ -150,7 +255,7 @@ Feel free to reach out if you have any questions or need further assistance!
 
 ---
 
-## Helpful Communities
+## 11. Helpful Communities
 
 - [Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/google-colaboratory)  
   A large community for developers and data scientists to ask questions about Google Colab.