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Update: Target global styles to the body element instead of :root #31302

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jorgefilipecosta
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Closes: #27478

Currently, the global styles target the :root selector. In a HTML element the :root selector maps to HTML element. It seems more correct to target body for the global styles use case. And will allow for things like margin and padding.

The body selector has lower specificity than :root so this change may have some impact.

How has this been tested?

I verified global colors and typography settings still work as before.
I applied preset a global text color, and I changed that color using the palette editor and verified the text color of the editor live update for the new color value.

@jorgefilipecosta jorgefilipecosta added the Global Styles Anything related to the broader Global Styles efforts, including Styles Engine and theme.json label Apr 28, 2021
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Size Change: -3 B (0%)

Total Size: 1.31 MB

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compressed-size-action

@youknowriad youknowriad added [Type] Enhancement A suggestion for improvement. [Type] New API New API to be used by plugin developers or package users. and removed [Type] Enhancement A suggestion for improvement. labels Apr 29, 2021
@jorgefilipecosta jorgefilipecosta merged commit b2952f5 into trunk Apr 29, 2021
@jorgefilipecosta jorgefilipecosta deleted the update/target-global-styles-to-body-instead-of-root branch April 29, 2021 14:49
@github-actions github-actions bot added this to the Gutenberg 10.6 milestone Apr 29, 2021
@oandregal oandregal mentioned this pull request May 5, 2021
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@keithdevon
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Hi @jorgefilipecosta

I'm looking at this in relation to issue #35840 and trying to understand the reason for moving from :root to body.

You mention...

And will allow for things like margin and padding.

Am I right in thinking that you are going to use the body {} selector to add padding and margin CSS rules and not just custom properties?

Would it be possible to keep custom properties in :root and declare and body specific rules separately? This would really help with inheritance issue around using custom properties after this change.

Thanks for your help.

cc @markhowellsmead

@markhowellsmead
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The arguments for the change in #27478 don't seem to be based on any real reason.

@markhowellsmead
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Many existing solutions inside and outside the WordPress ecosystem use :root as the base element, as intended by the W3C Recommendation. I believe it's been a mistake to move away from this standards-based recommendation and assign the custom properties to the body element with no real reason or benefit. The argument is correct, that there are no elements outside the body, but CSS works from the root (html or :root) element down and always has. For example, the rem unit, which is based on the font size set on html.

Also, as linked and proven in #35840, moving the rules from :root to body will break a good number of solutions implemented both within and outside the WordPress ecosystem.

cc @youknowriad @keithdevon.

@Inwerpsel
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It looks like the consequences for CSS custom properties were not completely thought through.

Particularly, if anyone has built a JavaScript app that interacts with the global properties, they most likely use

document.documentElement.style.setProperty(key, value)

or an equivalent way to set these. Similarly this W3C page on how to interact with them in JS uses document.querySelector(':root'). On Google you find that just about every result for "set CSS variable in JavaScript" will tell you to use the root element.

When all properties are by default set on body, it will always override the root element. This is the most common way for people to set custom properties and it's guaranteed to not work due to this change.

@markhowellsmead
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Bumping this again as pull request #42084 which addressed the issue was marked as “not a priority”. I'd like to know why this isn't a priority, and how the development team came to this conclusion.

@markhowellsmead
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This is still a problem, see #42084 and #35840. cc @jorgefilipecosta.

@ramonjd
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ramonjd commented Mar 17, 2024

I'd like to know why this isn't a priority, and how the development team came to this conclusion.

The "development team" was essentially me. #42084 lost all traction from reviewers and testers, despite being open for months.

The good news is that PRs can be cheaply reopened when issues resurface. 👍🏻

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Explore targeting global styles to the body element instead of :root
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