feat: python binding for Detector

[asalzburger]

This PR introduces python bindings for the new Experimental detectors:

• It introduces a top level DetectorBuilder, its interface and appropriate python bindings.
• In order to make this coherent, the formerly provided RootDetectorVolumes are now pushed into the DetectorComponents.
• finally, it makes the DetectorInspectors redundant, as this can now be done purely in python

As an example, one can now build a detector with one volume simply as:

    surfaces = svlMap[volumeId][layerId]
    
    surfacesHolder = acts.SurfacesHolder(surfaces)
    
    # Volume internals
    rBinning = acts.ProtoBinning( acts.Binning.r, acts.Binning.bound, rRange[0], rRange[1], 2, 1 )    
    phiBinning = acts.ProtoBinning( acts.Binning.phi, acts.Binning.closed, -math.pi, math.pi, 78, 1)
    
    layerStructureConfig = acts.LayerStructureBuilder.Config()
    layerStructureConfig.surfacesProvider = surfacesHolder
    layerStructureConfig.binnings = [ rBinning, phiBinning ]

    layerStructureBuilder = acts.LayerStructureBuilder(layerStructureConfig, 'Test Layer Structure', acts.logging.VERBOSE)

    # Volume externals
    volumeStructureConfig = acts.VolumeStructureBuilder.Config()
    volumeStructureConfig.boundsType = acts.VolumeType.Cylinder
    volumeStructureConfig.boundValues = [ rRange[0], rRange[1], 0.5*(zRange[1]-zRange[0]), math.pi, 0. ]
    volumeStructureConfig.auxilliary = 'Test Shape'
    
    volumeStructureBuilder = acts.VolumeStructureBuilder(volumeStructureConfig, 'Test Volume Structure', acts.logging.VERBOSE)
    
    # Volume builder
    volumeBuilderConfig = acts.DetectorVolumeBuilder.Config()
    volumeBuilderConfig.internalsBuilder = layerStructureBuilder
    volumeBuilderConfig.externalsBuilder = volumeStructureBuilder
    
    volumeBuilder = acts.DetectorVolumeBuilder(volumeBuilderConfig, 'Test Volume Builder', acts.logging.VERBOSE)
            
   detectorBuilderConf = acts.DetectorBuilder.Config() 
   detectorBuilderConf.name = 'Test Detector'
   detectorBuilderConf.builder = volumeBuilder

   detectorBuilder = acts.DetectorBuilder(detectorBuilderConf, 'Test Detector Builder', acts.logging.VERBOSE)

   detector = detectorBuilder.construct(acts.GeometryContext())

[github-actions]

📊 Physics performance monitoring for cbf868c

Summary
Full report
Seeding: seeded, truth estimated, orthogonal
CKF: seeded, truth smeared, truth estimated, orthogonal
IVF: seeded, truth smeared, truth estimated, orthogonal
AMVF: seeded, truth smeared, truth estimated, orthogonal
Ambiguity resolution: seeded, orthogonal
Truth tracking
Truth tracking (GSF)

Vertexing

Vertexing vs. mu

IVF seeded

IVF truth_smeared

IVF truth_estimated

IVF orthogonal

AMVF seeded

AMVF truth_smeared

AMVF truth_estimated

AMVF orthogonal

Seeding

Seeding seeded

Seeding truth_estimated

Seeding orthogonal

CKF

CKF seeded

CKF truth_smeared

CKF truth_estimated

CKF orthogonal

Ambiguity resolution

seeded

Truth tracking (Kalman Filter)

Truth tracking

Truth tracking (GSF)

Truth tracking

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #2198 (cbf868c) into main (fc0e58c) will increase coverage by 0.05%.
The diff coverage is 52.63%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #2198      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   49.32%   49.37%   +0.05%     
==========================================
  Files         441      446       +5     
  Lines       25247    25290      +43     
  Branches    11643    11657      +14     
==========================================
+ Hits        12452    12488      +36     
+ Misses       4520     4515       -5     
- Partials     8275     8287      +12     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
...lude/Acts/Detector/CylindricalContainerBuilder.hpp	100.00% <ø> (ø)
...e/include/Acts/Detector/VolumeStructureBuilder.hpp	100.00% <ø> (ø)
...s/Detector/interface/IDetectorComponentBuilder.hpp	100.00% <ø> (ø)
...nclude/Acts/Digitization/CartesianSegmentation.hpp	63.63% <ø> (ø)
...nclude/Acts/Geometry/GenericCuboidVolumeBounds.hpp	100.00% <ø> (ø)
Core/include/Acts/Propagator/Propagator.hpp	93.33% <ø> (ø)
...Propagator/detail/PointwiseMaterialInteraction.hpp	97.14% <ø> (ø)
Core/src/Detector/detail/PortalHelper.cpp	61.11% <ø> (ø)
Core/src/Detector/VolumeStructureBuilder.cpp	30.76% <18.18%> (+0.07%)	⬆️
Core/src/Detector/LayerStructureBuilder.cpp	38.00% <27.58%> (+2.42%)	⬆️
... and 11 more

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[andiwand]

looks good! left a few formatting comments and questions. happy to re-review/approve

[asalzburger]

Hey @andiwand - I think I addressed all comments now.

[andiwand]

there are a bunch on conflicts after IWYU fixes went in - I can approve when this is fixed

[paulgessinger]

Generally I would caution against exposing types with different names and outside of their C++ scope, i.e. a nested enum/struct whatever should be exposed as a nested type in python. Otherwise I'm a bit worried this might cause confusion.