airbyte-ci: Update pipelines requests and pyjwt

[natikgadzhi]

What

This PR updates requests in pipelines to 2.31, and pyjwt to the newest version (2.8.0) common_utils. This makes sure that pipelines will get latest cryptography 42.0.5, which solves severalk high severity security alerts.

Why

It's easier to resolve requests and airbyte-ci pieces separately from the rest of connectors (see #36595) and test just the airbyte-ci in this PR.

Once that is done, not only this fixes 8+ security alerts, but also scope for #36595 is smaller and hence easier to push through.

Risks

Requests 2.29 and 2.30 was known to not work well with docker before docker 7.0. I took care to update docker as well, and the internets tell me that this combo should work, but I'm not entirely sure — we should validate it.

In #35910, the CI was failing yesterday with the following error:

installing pipelines from spec '/home/runner/work/airbyte/airbyte/airbyte-ci/connectors/pipelines'...
Fatal error from pip prevented installation. Full pip output in file:
    /opt/pipx/logs/cmd_2024-03-28_03.37.21_1_pip_errors.log

pip seemed to fail to build package:
    docker[7.0.0,](https://app.slack.com/client/T02TET08MDH/7.0.0,)=6.0.0

Some possibly relevant errors from pip install:
    ERROR: Cannot install ci-credentials, connector-ops, google-cloud-storage, pipelines and pipelines==4.6.3 because these package versions have conflicting dependencies.
    ERROR: ResolutionImpossible: for help visit https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/topics/dependency-resolution/#dealing-with-dependency-conflicts
Error installing pipelines from spec
'/home/runner/work/airbyte/airbyte/airbyte-ci/connectors/pipelines'.

This PR should also fix that problem.

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Name	Status	Preview	Comments	Updated (UTC)
airbyte-docs	✅ Ready (Inspect)	Visit Preview	💬 Add feedback	Mar 28, 2024 8:12pm

[alafanechere]

Approving as long as CI is 🟢

[natikgadzhi]

One failing mypy check — fixing.

[natikgadzhi]

I've left the mypy error in there — hoping to unblock CI for folks and fix as a follow-up