Add StringBuilder pooling in NewtonsoftJsonSerializer (#4929)

* Add StringBuilder pooling in NewtonsoftJsonSerializer

* Fix CreateInternalSettings to properly wire everything up and be harder to goof up later by making static, fix hocon reading

* don't make two settings.

* Fixes for thread safety, fix using scopes.

* api approvals, chars are not bytes so lets not confuse ourselves in HOCON

* fix api approval

Co-authored-by: Aaron Stannard <aaron@petabridge.com>

src/benchmark/SerializationBenchmarks/Program.cs

@@ -6,20 +6,100 @@
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 using System;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Akka.Actor;
 using Akka.Configuration;
 using Akka.Serialization;
 using BenchmarkDotNet.Attributes;
 using BenchmarkDotNet.Running;
+using Newtonsoft.Json;
 
 namespace SerializationBenchmarks
 {
     class Program
     {
         static void Main(string[] args)
         {
-            BenchmarkRunner.Run<SerializationTests>();
+            BenchmarkRunner.Run<JsonSerializerTests>();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public class TestSer
+    {
+        public int Id { get; set; }
+        public string someStr { get; set; }
+        public string someStr2 { get; set; }
+        public string someStr3 { get; set; }
+        public Guid IDK { get; set; }
+    }
+        [MemoryDiagnoser]
+    public class JsonSerializerTests
+    {
+        public JsonSerializerTests()
+        {
+            _sys_noPool = ActorSystem.Create("bench-serialization-json-nopool",ConfigurationFactory.ParseString(@"
+akka.actor {{
+                        
+serialization-settings {{
+  json {{
+    use-pooled-string-builder = false
+ }}
+}}
+                    }}"));
+            _sys_pool = ActorSystem.Create("bench-serialization-json-pool");
+            _noPoolSer =
+                _sys_noPool.Serialization.FindSerializerForType(typeof(object));
+            _poolSer = 
+            _sys_pool.Serialization.FindSerializerForType(typeof(object));
+        }
+        private static TestSer testObj = new TestSer()
+        {
+            Id = 124,
+            someStr =
+                "412tgieoargj4a9349u2u-03jf3290rjf2390ja209fj1099u42n0f92qm93df3m-032jfq-102",
+            someStr2 =
+                "412tgieoargj4a9349u2u-03jf3290rjf2390ja209fj1099u42n0f92qm93df3m-032jfq-102",
+            someStr3 =
+                new string(Enumerable.Repeat('l',512).ToArray()),
+            IDK = Guid.Empty
+        };
+
+        private ActorSystem _sys_noPool;
+        private ActorSystem _sys_pool;
+        private Serializer _noPoolSer;
+        private Serializer _poolSer;
+        private const int _numIters = 10000; 
+        [Benchmark]
+        public void Pooling()
+        {
+            for (int i = 0; i < _numIters; i++)
+            {
+                _poolSer.ToBinary(testObj);
+            }
+        }
+        [Benchmark]
+        public void NoPooling()
+        {
+            for (int i = 0; i < _numIters; i++)
+            {
+                _noPoolSer.ToBinary(testObj);
+            }
+        }
+
+        [Benchmark]
+        public void Pooling_MultiTasks()
+        {
+            Task.WaitAll(Enumerable.Repeat(0, 10)
+                .Select((l) => Task.Run(Pooling)).ToArray());
+        }
+        [Benchmark]
+        public void NoPooling_MultiTasks()
+        {
+            Task.WaitAll(Enumerable.Repeat(0, 10)
+                .Select((l) => Task.Run(NoPooling)).ToArray());
         }
     }
 

src/core/Akka.API.Tests/CoreAPISpec.ApproveCore.approved.txt

@@ -4754,10 +4754,13 @@ namespace Akka.Serialization
     public sealed class NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSettings
     {
         public static readonly Akka.Serialization.NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSettings Default;
-        public NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSettings(bool encodeTypeNames, bool preserveObjectReferences, System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<System.Type> converters) { }
+        public NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSettings(bool encodeTypeNames, bool preserveObjectReferences, System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<System.Type> converters, bool usePooledStringBuilder, int stringBuilderMinSize, int stringBuilderMaxSize) { }
         public System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<System.Type> Converters { get; }
         public bool EncodeTypeNames { get; }
         public bool PreserveObjectReferences { get; }
+        public int StringBuilderMaxSize { get; }
+        public int StringBuilderMinSize { get; }
+        public bool UsePooledStringBuilder { get; }
         public static Akka.Serialization.NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSettings Create(Akka.Configuration.Config config) { }
     }
     public sealed class NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSetup : Akka.Actor.Setup.Setup

src/core/Akka/Akka.csproj

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
   </ItemGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
+      <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.ObjectPool" Version="5.0.5" />
       <PackageReference Include="Newtonsoft.Json" Version="$(NewtonsoftJsonVersion)" />
     <PackageReference Include="System.Collections.Immutable" Version="5.0.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="System.Reflection.Emit" Version="4.7.0" />

src/core/Akka/Configuration/Pigeon.conf

@@ -536,9 +536,29 @@ akka {
     }
 
 	# extra settings that can be custom to a serializer implementation
-	serialization-settings {
-
-	}
+  serialization-settings {
+      json {
+
+        # Used to set whether to use stringbuilders from a pool
+        # In memory constrained conditions (i.e. IOT)
+        # You may wish to turn this off
+        use-pooled-string-builder = true
+
+        # The starting size of stringbuilders created in pool
+        # if use-pooled-string-builder is true.
+        # You may wish to adjust this number,
+        # For example if you are confident your messages are smaller or larger
+        pooled-string-builder-minsize = 2048
+
+        # The maximum retained size of a pooled stringbuilder
+        # if use-pooled-string-builder is true.
+        # You may wish to turn this number up if your messages are larger
+        # But do keep in mind that strings in .NET are UTF-16, 
+        # So after ~42k characters you might wind up
+        # on the Large Object Heap (which may not be a bad thing...)
+        pooled-string-builder-maxsize = 32768
+      }
+    }
   }
 
   # Used to set the behavior of the scheduler.

src/core/Akka/Serialization/NewtonSoftJsonSerializer.cs

@@ -8,12 +8,14 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Globalization;
+using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Reflection;
 using System.Text;
 using Akka.Actor;
 using Akka.Configuration;
 using Akka.Util;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.ObjectPool;
 using Newtonsoft.Json;
 using Newtonsoft.Json.Converters;
 using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;
@@ -32,7 +34,10 @@ public sealed class NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSettings
         public static readonly NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSettings Default = new NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSettings(
             encodeTypeNames: true,
             preserveObjectReferences: true,
-            converters: Enumerable.Empty<Type>());
+            converters: Enumerable.Empty<Type>(),
+            usePooledStringBuilder:true,
+            stringBuilderMinSize:2048,
+            stringBuilderMaxSize:32768);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Creates a new instance of the <see cref="NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSettings"/> based on a provided <paramref name="config"/>.
@@ -52,8 +57,15 @@ public static NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSettings Create(Config config)
 
             return new NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSettings(
                 encodeTypeNames: config.GetBoolean("encode-type-names", true),
-                preserveObjectReferences: config.GetBoolean("preserve-object-references", true),
-                converters: GetConverterTypes(config));
+                preserveObjectReferences: config.GetBoolean(
+                    "preserve-object-references", true),
+                converters: GetConverterTypes(config),
+                usePooledStringBuilder: config.GetBoolean("use-pooled-string-builder", true),
+                stringBuilderMinSize:config.GetInt("pooled-string-builder-minsize", 2048),
+                stringBuilderMaxSize:
+                    config.GetInt("pooled-string-builder-maxsize",
+                        32768)
+            );
         }
 
         private static IEnumerable<Type> GetConverterTypes(Config config)
@@ -89,21 +101,40 @@ private static IEnumerable<Type> GetConverterTypes(Config config)
         /// Converters must inherit from <see cref="JsonConverter"/> class and implement a default constructor.
         /// </summary>
         public IEnumerable<Type> Converters { get; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The Starting size used for Pooled StringBuilders, if <see cref="UsePooledStringBuilder"/> is -true-
+        /// </summary>
+        public int StringBuilderMinSize { get; }
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The Max Retained size for Pooled StringBuilders, if <see cref="UsePooledStringBuilder"/> is -true-
+        /// </summary>
+        public int StringBuilderMaxSize { get; }
+        /// <summary>
+        /// If -true-, Stringbuilders are pooled and reused for serialization to lower memory pressure.
+        /// </summary>
+        public bool UsePooledStringBuilder { get; }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Creates a new instance of the <see cref="NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSettings"/>.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="encodeTypeNames">Determines if a special `$type` field should be emitted into serialized JSON. Must be true if corresponding serializer is used as default.</param>
         /// <param name="preserveObjectReferences">Determines if object references should be tracked within serialized object graph. Must be true if corresponding serialize is used as default.</param>
         /// <param name="converters">A list of types implementing a <see cref="JsonConverter"/> to support custom types serialization.</param>
-        public NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSettings(bool encodeTypeNames, bool preserveObjectReferences, IEnumerable<Type> converters)
+        /// <param name="usePooledStringBuilder">Determines if string builders will be used from a pool to lower memory usage</param>
+        /// <param name="stringBuilderMinSize">Starting size used for pooled string builders if enabled</param>
+        /// <param name="stringBuilderMaxSize">Max retained size used for pooled string builders if enabled</param>
+        public NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSettings(bool encodeTypeNames, bool preserveObjectReferences, IEnumerable<Type> converters, bool usePooledStringBuilder, int stringBuilderMinSize, int stringBuilderMaxSize)
         {
             if (converters == null)
                 throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(converters), $"{nameof(NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSettings)} requires a sequence of converters.");
 
             EncodeTypeNames = encodeTypeNames;
             PreserveObjectReferences = preserveObjectReferences;
             Converters = converters;
+            UsePooledStringBuilder = usePooledStringBuilder;
+            StringBuilderMinSize = stringBuilderMinSize;
+            StringBuilderMaxSize = stringBuilderMaxSize;
         }
     }
 
@@ -114,7 +145,8 @@ public NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSettings(bool encodeTypeNames, bool preserveObjec
     public class NewtonSoftJsonSerializer : Serializer
     {
         private readonly JsonSerializer _serializer;
-
+
+        private readonly ObjectPool<StringBuilder> _sbPool;
         /// <summary>
         /// TBD
         /// </summary>
@@ -138,11 +170,15 @@ public NewtonSoftJsonSerializer(ExtendedActorSystem system, Config config)
             : this(system, NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSettings.Create(config))
         {
         }
-
-
+
         public NewtonSoftJsonSerializer(ExtendedActorSystem system, NewtonSoftJsonSerializerSettings settings)
             : base(system)
         {
+            if (settings.UsePooledStringBuilder)
+            {
+                _sbPool = new DefaultObjectPoolProvider()
+                    .CreateStringBuilderPool(settings.StringBuilderMinSize,settings.StringBuilderMaxSize);
+            }
             Settings = new JsonSerializerSettings
             {
                 PreserveReferencesHandling = settings.PreserveObjectReferences
@@ -183,6 +219,8 @@ public NewtonSoftJsonSerializer(ExtendedActorSystem system, NewtonSoftJsonSerial
             _serializer = JsonSerializer.Create(Settings);
         }
 
+
+
         private static JsonConverter CreateConverter(Type converterType, ExtendedActorSystem actorSystem)
         {
             var ctor = converterType.GetConstructors()
@@ -228,12 +266,56 @@ protected override JsonProperty CreateProperty(MemberInfo member, MemberSerializ
         /// <param name="obj">The object to serialize </param>
         /// <returns>A byte array containing the serialized object</returns>
         public override byte[] ToBinary(object obj)
+        {
+            if (_sbPool != null)
+            {
+                return toBinary_PooledBuilder(obj);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                return toBinary_NewBuilder(obj);
+            }
+
+        }
+
+        private byte[] toBinary_NewBuilder(object obj)
         {
             string data = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(obj, Formatting.None, Settings);
             byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);
             return bytes;
         }
 
+        private byte[] toBinary_PooledBuilder(object obj)
+        {
+            //Don't try to opt with
+            //StringBuilder sb = _sbPool.Get()
+            //Or removing null check
+            //Both are necessary to avoid leaking on thread aborts etc
+            StringBuilder sb = null;
+            try
+            {
+                sb = _sbPool.Get();
+
+                using (var tw = new StringWriter(sb, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture))
+                {
+                    var ser = JsonSerializer.CreateDefault(Settings);
+                    ser.Formatting = Formatting.None;
+                    using (var jw = new JsonTextWriter(tw))
+                    {
+                        ser.Serialize(jw, obj);
+                    }
+                    return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(tw.ToString());
+                }
+            }
+            finally
+            {
+                if (sb != null)
+                {
+                    _sbPool.Return(sb);    
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Deserializes a byte array into an object of type <paramref name="type"/>.
         /// </summary>