[clap-v3-utils] Remove deprecated functions

[samkim-crypto]

Problem

Solana cla-v3-utils still uses deprecated functions from clap-v2.

Summary of Changes

• Replaced a number of deprecated functions like possible_values, value_of, and multiple_occurrences with the updated functions from clap-v3.
• Deprecated some existing parser functions that can be replaced by existing clap-v3 functions
• Deprecated some panicking functions like keypair_of, keypairs_of, etc. in favor of their try_ variants

Clap-v3 has a feature deprecated that, when included, gives warnings on deprecated functions. With this PR, all the deprecated functions should either be removed or explicitly allowed (on deprecated functions). However, if I include the deprecated feature, it seems to turn this feature on in the rest of the repo on CI checks, so I left it out for now.

This is a port of solana-labs#34989.

Fixes #

[CriesofCarrots]

Deprecated tags need updating. Otherwise I am okay with this.

[CriesofCarrots]

Wfm

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 57.95455% with 37 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 81.9%. Comparing base (d4bcdf8) to head (f9b4474).
Report is 16 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master     #313   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage    81.9%    81.9%           
=======================================
  Files         837      837           
  Lines      226874   226950   +76     
=======================================
+ Hits       185855   185925   +70     
- Misses      41019    41025    +6