GH-15226: [C++] Add DurationType to hash kernels (#33685)

`DurationType` was missing in the function to register the hash-based kernels (unique, dictionary_encode, etc)

* Closes: #15226

Authored-by: Joris Van den Bossche <jorisvandenbossche@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Antoine Pitrou <antoine@python.org>

Author: jorisvandenbossche

cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/vector_hash.cc

@@ -719,7 +719,8 @@ void AddHashKernels(VectorFunction* func, VectorKernel base, OutputType out_ty)
 
   // Example parametric types that we want to match only on Type::type
   auto parametric_types = {time32(TimeUnit::SECOND), time64(TimeUnit::MICRO),
-                           timestamp(TimeUnit::SECOND), fixed_size_binary(0)};
+                           timestamp(TimeUnit::SECOND), duration(TimeUnit::SECOND),
+                           fixed_size_binary(0)};
   for (const auto& ty : parametric_types) {
     base.init = GetHashInit<Action>(ty->id());
     base.signature = KernelSignature::Make({ty->id()}, out_ty);

cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/vector_hash_test.cc

@@ -315,6 +315,8 @@ TEST_F(TestHashKernel, UniqueTimeTimestamp) {
 
   CheckUnique<TimestampType, int64_t>(timestamp(TimeUnit::NANO), {2, 1, 2, 1},
                                       {true, false, true, true}, {2, 0, 1}, {1, 0, 1});
+  CheckUnique<DurationType, int64_t>(duration(TimeUnit::NANO), {2, 1, 2, 1},
+                                     {true, false, true, true}, {2, 0, 1}, {1, 0, 1});
 }
 
 TEST_F(TestHashKernel, ValueCountsTimeTimestamp) {
@@ -329,6 +331,9 @@ TEST_F(TestHashKernel, ValueCountsTimeTimestamp) {
   CheckValueCounts<TimestampType, int64_t>(timestamp(TimeUnit::NANO), {2, 1, 2, 1},
                                            {true, false, true, true}, {2, 0, 1},
                                            {1, 0, 1}, {2, 1, 1});
+  CheckValueCounts<DurationType, int64_t>(duration(TimeUnit::NANO), {2, 1, 2, 1},
+                                          {true, false, true, true}, {2, 0, 1}, {1, 0, 1},
+                                          {2, 1, 1});
 }
 
 TEST_F(TestHashKernel, UniqueBoolean) {