GH-48025: [C++][GLib] Replace instances where build path is being added to built artifacts (#48026)

### Rationale for this change

There are several places where we are adding the build path on our built artifacts. We should avoid that in order to improve reproducibility of our builds.

### What changes are included in this PR?

General build system hygiene improvement redacting absolute paths from the compiler flags to improve build reproducibility and caching efficiency.

Update for mkenums from full `@ filename@` to `@ basename@` as seen on their official documentation:

> The base name of the input file currently being processed (e.g. foo.h). Typically you want to use `@ basename@` in place of `@ filename@` in your templates, to improve the reproducibility of the build. (Since: 2.22) 

### Are these changes tested?

Validated locally that reprotest doesn't fail on `enums` anymore.

CI and tests have run.

### Are there any user-facing changes?

No

* GitHub Issue: #48025

Lead-authored-by: Raúl Cumplido <raulcumplido@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@cozmixng.org>
Signed-off-by: Raúl Cumplido <raulcumplido@gmail.com>

Author: raulcd

c_glib/arrow-dataset-glib/enums.c.template

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*** BEGIN file-production ***/
 
-/* enumerations from "@filename@" */
+/* enumerations from "@basename@" */
 /*** END file-production ***/
 
 /*** BEGIN value-header ***/

c_glib/arrow-dataset-glib/enums.h.template

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ G_BEGIN_DECLS
 
 /*** BEGIN file-production ***/
 
-/* enumerations from "@filename@" */
+/* enumerations from "@basename@" */
 /*** END file-production ***/
 
 /*** BEGIN value-header ***/

c_glib/arrow-glib/enums.c.template

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*** BEGIN file-production ***/
 
-/* enumerations from "@filename@" */
+/* enumerations from "@basename@" */
 /*** END file-production ***/
 
 /*** BEGIN value-header ***/

c_glib/arrow-glib/enums.h.template

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ G_BEGIN_DECLS
 
 /*** BEGIN file-production ***/
 
-/* enumerations from "@filename@" */
+/* enumerations from "@basename@" */
 /*** END file-production ***/
 
 /*** BEGIN value-header ***/

c_glib/gandiva-glib/enums.c.template

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 /*** BEGIN file-production ***/
 
-/* enumerations from "@filename@" */
+/* enumerations from "@basename@" */
 /*** END file-production ***/
 
 /*** BEGIN value-header ***/

c_glib/gandiva-glib/enums.h.template

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ G_BEGIN_DECLS
 
 /*** BEGIN file-production ***/
 
-/* enumerations from "@filename@" */
+/* enumerations from "@basename@" */
 /*** END file-production ***/
 
 /*** BEGIN value-header ***/

cpp/src/arrow/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -342,6 +342,10 @@ macro(append_runtime_avx512_src SRCS SRC)
 endmacro()
 
 # Write out compile-time configuration constants
+string(REPLACE "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}" "<CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR>" REDACTED_CXX_FLAGS
+               ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS})
+string(REPLACE "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}" "<CMAKE_BINARY_DIR>" REDACTED_CXX_FLAGS
+               ${REDACTED_CXX_FLAGS})
 configure_file("util/config.h.cmake" "util/config.h" ESCAPE_QUOTES)
 configure_file("util/config_internal.h.cmake" "util/config_internal.h" ESCAPE_QUOTES)
 install(FILES "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/util/config.h"

cpp/src/arrow/util/config.h.cmake

@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 
 #define ARROW_CXX_COMPILER_ID "@CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID@"
 #define ARROW_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION "@CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION@"
-#define ARROW_CXX_COMPILER_FLAGS "@CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS@"
 
 #define ARROW_BUILD_TYPE "@UPPERCASE_BUILD_TYPE@"
 

cpp/src/arrow/util/config_internal.h.cmake

@@ -18,5 +18,7 @@
 // These variables are not exposed as they can make compilation caching
 // and increment builds less efficient.
 
+#define ARROW_CXX_COMPILER_FLAGS "@REDACTED_CXX_FLAGS@"
+
 #define ARROW_GIT_ID "@ARROW_GIT_ID@"
 #define ARROW_GIT_DESCRIPTION "@ARROW_GIT_DESCRIPTION@"