Bump com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java in /lang/java (#2438)

Bumps [com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java](https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf) from 3.23.4 to 3.24.0.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/blob/main/protobuf_release.bzl)
- [Commits](protocolbuffers/protobuf@v3.23.4...v3.24.0)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

lang/java/pom.xml

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
     <jopt-simple.version>5.0.4</jopt-simple.version>
     <junit5.version>5.10.0</junit5.version>
     <netty.version>4.1.96.Final</netty.version>
-    <protobuf.version>3.23.4</protobuf.version>
+    <protobuf.version>3.24.0</protobuf.version>
     <thrift.version>0.16.0</thrift.version>
     <slf4j.version>1.7.36</slf4j.version>
     <reload4j.version>1.2.25</reload4j.version>