[fix](olap) Crash caused by out-of-bounds PODArray access

[mrhhsg]

What problem does this PR solve?

#0  __pthread_kill_implementation (no_tid=0, signo=6, threadid=136182904088128) at ./nptl/pthread_kill.c:44
#1  __pthread_kill_internal (signo=6, threadid=136182904088128) at ./nptl/pthread_kill.c:78
#2  __GI___pthread_kill (threadid=136182904088128, signo=signo@entry=6) at ./nptl/pthread_kill.c:89
#3  0x00007fdee8ffb476 in __GI_raise (sig=sig@entry=6) at ../sysdeps/posix/raise.c:26
#4  0x00007fdee8fe17f3 in __GI_abort () at ./stdlib/abort.c:79
#5  0x000055cc31fb9bcd in ?? ()
#6  0x000055cc31fadeac in google::LogMessage::SendToLog() ()
#7  0x000055cc31fae538 in google::LogMessage::Flush() ()
#8  0x000055cc31fb2116 in google::LogMessageFatal::~LogMessageFatal() ()
#9  0x000055cc1977f798 in doris::vectorized::PODArray<unsigned int, 4096ul, doris::Allocator<false, false, false, doris::DefaultMemoryAllocator, false>, 16ul, 15ul>::operator[] (this=<optimized out>, n=2) at /root/doris/be/src/vec/common/pod_array.h:466
#10 0x000055cc19777580 in doris::vectorized::ColumnStr<unsigned int>::size_at (this=0x7c5eea94dda0, i=2) at /root/doris/be/src/vec/columns/column_string.h:96
#11 doris::vectorized::ColumnStr<unsigned int>::compare_at (this=0x7c5eea94dda0, n=2, m=1, rhs_=...) at /root/doris/be/src/vec/columns/column_string.h:482
#12 0x000055cc2f2f1138 in doris::vectorized::VCollectIterator::_topn_next (this=<optimized out>, block=<optimized out>) at /root/doris/be/src/vec/olap/vcollect_iterator.cpp:343
#13 0x000055cc2f2efa08 in doris::vectorized::VCollectIterator::next (this=0x898f, block=0x6) at /root/doris/be/src/vec/olap/vcollect_iterator.cpp:247
#14 0x000055cc2f28e3ea in doris::vectorized::BlockReader::_direct_next_block (this=0x7dbeed736880, block=<optimized out>, eof=<optimized out>) at /root/doris/be/src/vec/olap/block_reader.cpp:267
#15 0x000055cc2f28778b in doris::vectorized::BlockReader::next_block_with_aggregation (this=0x7dbeed736880, block=<optimized out>, eof=<optimized out>) at /root/doris/be/src/vec/olap/block_reader.cpp:66
#16 0x000055cc2b33300e in doris::vectorized::OlapScanner::_get_block_impl (this=0x7daeee690690, state=<optimized out>, block=0x7daeee6907b8, eof=<optimized out>) at /root/doris/be/src/vec/exec/scan/olap_scanner.cpp:584
#17 0x000055cc2b2c990d in doris::vectorized::Scanner::get_block (this=<optimized out>, state=<optimized out>, block=0x7daeee6907b8, eof=<optimized out>) at /root/doris/be/src/vec/exec/scan/scanner.cpp:116
#18 0x000055cc2b2c8fa0 in doris::vectorized::Scanner::get_block_after_projects (this=0x7daeee690690, state=0x7dcee9e6ec80, block=0x7caee9b74fe0, eos=0x7bdb809a11f0) at /root/doris/be/src/vec/exec/scan/scanner.cpp:82
#19 0x000055cc2b2e51b4 in doris::vectorized::ScannerScheduler::_scanner_scan (ctx=..., scan_task=...) at /root/doris/be/src/vec/exec/scan/scanner_scheduler.cpp:182
#20 0x000055cc2b2ed92c in doris::vectorized::ScannerScheduler::submit(std::shared_ptr<doris::vectorized::ScannerContext>, std::shared_ptr<doris::vectorized::ScanTask>)::$_0::operator()() const::{lambda()#1}::operator()() const::{lambda()#1}::operator()() const (this=<optimized out>) at /root/doris/be/src/vec/exec/scan/scanner_scheduler.cpp:96
#21 doris::vectorized::ScannerScheduler::submit(std::shared_ptr<doris::vectorized::ScannerContext>, std::shared_ptr<doris::vectorized::ScanTask>)::$_0::operator()() const::{lambda()#1}::operator()() const (this=0x7c0eeec42540)
    at /root/doris/be/src/vec/exec/scan/scanner_scheduler.cpp:95
#22 std::__invoke_impl<bool, doris::vectorized::ScannerScheduler::submit(std::shared_ptr<doris::vectorized::ScannerContext>, std::shared_ptr<doris::vectorized::ScanTask>)::$_0::operator()() const::{lambda()#1}&>(std::__invoke_other, doris::vectorized::ScannerScheduler::submit(std::shared_ptr<doris::vectorized::ScannerContext>, std::shared_ptr<doris::vectorized::ScanTask>)::$_0::operator()() const::{lambda()#1}&) (__f=...)
    at /usr/local/ldb-toolchain-v0.26/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/15/include/g++-v15/bits/invoke.h:63
#23 std::__invoke_r<bool, doris::vectorized::ScannerScheduler::submit(std::shared_ptr<doris::vectorized::ScannerContext>, std::shared_ptr<doris::vectorized::ScanTask>)::$_0::operator()() const::{lambda()#1}&>(doris::vectorized::ScannerScheduler::submit(std::shared_ptr<doris::vectorized::ScannerContext>, std::shared_ptr<doris::vectorized::ScanTask>)::$_0::operator()() const::{lambda()#1}&) (__fn=...)
    at /usr/local/ldb-toolchain-v0.26/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/15/include/g++-v15/bits/invoke.h:116
#24 std::_Function_handler<bool (), doris::vectorized::ScannerScheduler::submit(std::shared_ptr<doris::vectorized::ScannerContext>, std::shared_ptr<doris::vectorized::ScanTask>)::$_0::operator()() const::{lambda()#1}>::_M_invoke(std::_Any_data const&) (
    __functor=...) at /usr/local/ldb-toolchain-v0.26/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/15/include/g++-v15/bits/std_function.h:292
#25 0x000055cc1dd09d33 in doris::ThreadPool::dispatch_thread (this=0x7d3ee8680f80) at /root/doris/be/src/util/threadpool.cpp:614
#26 0x000055cc1dce6da7 in std::function<void ()>::operator()() const (this=<optimized out>) at /usr/local/ldb-toolchain-v0.26/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/15/include/g++-v15/bits/std_function.h:593
#27 doris::Thread::supervise_thread (arg=<optimized out>) at /root/doris/be/src/util/thread.cpp:460
#28 0x000055cc19364d27 in asan_thread_start(void*) ()
#29 0x00007fdee904dac3 in start_thread (arg=<optimized out>) at ./nptl/pthread_create.c:442
#30 0x00007fdee90df850 in __closefrom_fallback (from=877593024, dirfd_fallback=<optimized out>) at ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/closefrom_fallback.c:45
#31 0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()

Related PR: #xxx

Problem Summary:

Release note

None

Check List (For Author)

• Test

  • Regression test
  • Unit Test
  • Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
  • No need to test or manual test. Explain why:
    • This is a refactor/code format and no logic has been changed.
    • Previous test can cover this change.
    • No code files have been changed.
    • Other reason

• Behavior changed:

  • No.
  • Yes.

• Does this need documentation?

  • No.
  • Yes.

Check List (For Reviewer who merge this PR)

• Confirm the release note
• Confirm test cases
• Confirm document
• Add branch pick label

[hello-stephen]

Thank you for your contribution to Apache Doris.
Don't know what should be done next? See How to process your PR.

Please clearly describe your PR:

1. What problem was fixed (it's best to include specific error reporting information). How it was fixed.
2. Which behaviors were modified. What was the previous behavior, what is it now, why was it modified, and what possible impacts might there be.
3. What features were added. Why was this function added?
4. Which code was refactored and why was this part of the code refactored?
5. Which functions were optimized and what is the difference before and after the optimization?

[mrhhsg]

run buildall

[eldenmoon]

LGTM

[github-actions]

PR approved by at least one committer and no changes requested.

[github-actions]

PR approved by anyone and no changes requested.

[doris-robot]

ClickBench: Total hot run time: 28.22 s

machine: 'aliyun_ecs.c7a.8xlarge_32C64G'
scripts: https://github.com/apache/doris/tree/master/tools/clickbench-tools
ClickBench test result on commit c3a3e8740cfbacb17bd676cc9a78e4df152d6043, data reload: false

query1	0.07	0.05	0.05
query2	0.10	0.05	0.06
query3	0.26	0.09	0.08
query4	1.61	0.12	0.12
query5	0.29	0.26	0.25
query6	1.21	0.66	0.66
query7	0.05	0.03	0.03
query8	0.06	0.05	0.05
query9	0.62	0.54	0.54
query10	0.61	0.60	0.59
query11	0.17	0.13	0.12
query12	0.17	0.13	0.13
query13	0.62	0.62	0.61
query14	1.02	1.03	1.02
query15	0.88	0.86	0.89
query16	0.41	0.40	0.44
query17	1.06	1.07	1.03
query18	0.23	0.23	0.21
query19	1.98	1.84	1.91
query20	0.02	0.01	0.01
query21	15.44	0.19	0.14
query22	5.06	0.07	0.06
query23	15.64	0.28	0.12
query24	2.66	0.57	0.62
query25	0.07	0.06	0.08
query26	0.15	0.14	0.14
query27	0.07	0.05	0.06
query28	5.31	1.18	0.94
query29	12.62	4.19	3.42
query30	0.28	0.14	0.16
query31	2.84	0.62	0.39
query32	3.24	0.56	0.53
query33	3.26	3.13	3.05
query34	15.79	5.25	4.52
query35	4.64	4.58	4.61
query36	0.69	0.52	0.50
query37	0.10	0.07	0.06
query38	0.07	0.05	0.04
query39	0.04	0.03	0.03
query40	0.17	0.15	0.14
query41	0.09	0.03	0.03
query42	0.05	0.04	0.03
query43	0.05	0.04	0.03
Total cold run time: 99.77 s
Total hot run time: 28.22 s

[hello-stephen]

BE UT Coverage Report

Increment line coverage 0.00% (0/1) 🎉

Increment coverage report
Complete coverage report

Category	Coverage
Function Coverage	52.65% (17934/34065)
Line Coverage	37.88% (162697/429459)
Region Coverage	32.29% (124107/384318)
Branch Coverage	33.70% (54371/161340)

[hello-stephen]

BE Regression && UT Coverage Report

Increment line coverage 100.00% (1/1) 🎉

Increment coverage report
Complete coverage report

Category	Coverage
Function Coverage	71.40% (23879/33446)
Line Coverage	57.82% (248495/429752)
Region Coverage	52.81% (205715/389567)
Branch Coverage	54.63% (88674/162315)