Add ruff linting support

[correctmost]

PR Description:

This PR adds ruff to the CI checks and pre-commit checks.

Only linting is enabled, no auto-formatting is performed. (#1681 is related work.)

More rules can be enabled in the future (after the relevant code is fixed):

• https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/

Tests and Checks

• I have tested the code!
  

[correctmost]

This is a fix for this issue: https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/logging-warn/

[svartkanin]

@correctmost is the idea to replace flake8 eventually?

I'm okay with a better (faster) linter and it's a drop in replacement for flake8 as well. I'll let @Torxed have the final say on it :)

[correctmost]

Good question :). My main goal was to add some infrastructure to help catch as many bugs as possible before merging.

I think ruff, mypy, and Pylint are the most important tools to get working in the short term. Once the codebase is compliant with those tools, I think the following replacements can happen:

• autoflake -> ruff
• flake8 -> ruff
• Bandit -> ruff's flake8-bandit checks

Pyright also seems useful, but I've had less success integrating it into existing codebases.

[Torxed]

Since it's not being destructive and only linting, I say lets go for it :)