Updated governance model

[markopoloparadox]

Short Description

This PR adds a new pallet (Mandate) that allows the Technical Committee to execute privileged operations.

Long Description

The goal of this task was to implement a solution that would enable us to execute privileged operations through multiple simple-to-understand layers. So far, there were no complaints about how we use the sudo pallet, but understanding and reasoning with the democracy pallet proved to be a cognitive burden for most of us. Therefore, the decision was made to "replace" it with something simpler and easier to use.

In this case, the approach was to reuse the existing Technical Committee collective and pair it with a new custom pallet that extends the TC's abilities to execute privileged calls.

Usage

When creating a TC proposal, make sure that the outermost extrinsic is the mandate one from the Mandate pallet. This will ensure that the caller's origin will be changed to Root when the proposal is executed.

Technical Reasoning behind this change

Here is a list of other rejected potential implementations:

• Custom Sudo Pallet: Forking the Sudo pallet just to add one small feature adds technical debt to our system.
• Custom Technical Committee Pallet: Same as with the previous idea, forking just to make a small tweak isn't worth it.
• Moving to Democracy v2: This would make our system even more complex and harder to reason with. Since we have no user base, there would be no benefits in having this kind of governance.

Artifacts

Documents will be created in order to explain how to use this new system.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Patch coverage: 46.08% and project coverage change: -0.04% ⚠️

Comparison is base (5f83153) 50.67% compared to head (1183b96) 50.63%.

❗ Current head 1183b96 differs from pull request most recent head 8e04f1d. Consider uploading reports for the commit 8e04f1d to get more accurate results

❗ Your organization is not using the GitHub App Integration. As a result you may experience degraded service beginning May 15th. Please install the GitHub App Integration for your organization. Read more.

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop     #215      +/-   ##
===========================================
- Coverage    50.67%   50.63%   -0.04%     
===========================================
  Files           71       76       +5     
  Lines        10170    10401     +231     
===========================================
+ Hits          5154     5267     +113     
- Misses        5016     5134     +118     

Files Changed	Coverage Δ
pallets/mandate/src/weights.rs	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
runtime/src/lib.rs	18.01% <0.00%> (+0.03%)	⬆️
runtime/src/weights/pallet_mandate.rs	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
pallets/mandate/src/mock.rs	14.00% <14.00%> (ø)
pallets/mandate/src/lib.rs	36.11% <36.11%> (ø)
pallets/mandate/src/tests.rs	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)

... and 1 file with indirect coverage changes

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

[Leouarz]

Seems familiar, SUS