feat(ec2): add new latest amazon linux machine images (#25083)

This PR introduces 3 new methods on `MachineImage` corresponding to the
3 available generations of amazon linux. We will be deprecating the
`latestAmazonLinux` method in favor of these separate methods per
generation. Each generation is a slightly different format, and having
them separate is more clear to the user what `latest` means.

closes #21011, closes #24873, closes #23523

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*By submitting this pull request, I confirm that my contribution is made under the terms of the Apache-2.0 license*

packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-ec2/test/integ.machine-image.js.snapshot/cdk.out

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"version":"31.0.0"}

packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-ec2/test/integ.machine-image.js.snapshot/integ-ec2-machine-image-test.assets.json

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+{
+  "version": "31.0.0",
+  "files": {
+    "09b19c98d056dc3ddd9d9852de04232c8c27cdfbb4aa83797c6f9e1e118068d5": {
+      "source": {
+        "path": "integ-ec2-machine-image-test.template.json",
+        "packaging": "file"
+      },
+      "destinations": {
+        "current_account-current_region": {
+          "bucketName": "cdk-hnb659fds-assets-${AWS::AccountId}-${AWS::Region}",
+          "objectKey": "09b19c98d056dc3ddd9d9852de04232c8c27cdfbb4aa83797c6f9e1e118068d5.json",
+          "assumeRoleArn": "arn:${AWS::Partition}:iam::${AWS::AccountId}:role/cdk-hnb659fds-file-publishing-role-${AWS::AccountId}-${AWS::Region}"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "dockerImages": {}
+}