Objects

Class

A usual container of data, compared by reference in memory, with known powerful possibilities.

Example:

class Human
    name: string
    surname: string
    age: date

    fn init (self.name, self.surname, self.age)

    fn greet
        Console.write-line(f"Hello, {name} {surname}!")

Shorthand "dataclass" syntax:

class Human (name: string, surname: string, age: date)
    fn greet
        Console.write-line(f"Hello, {name} {surname}!")

Inheritance:

# Here student has name, surname and age,
# because code declared inheritance from 'Human' class.
class Student (course: int, specialty: string) <- Human

Object

Single instance of it's own definition. Meant as singleton class.

object IdFactory
    @private counter = 0

    fn create => int
        counter += 1
        return counter

Case class

A lightweight storage of data, cannot be inherited or polymorphed.

@case class Point (x: int, y: int)

Case classes are compared by value:

point  = Point(1, 2)
point2 = Point(1, 2)
point3 = Point(2, 2)

if point == point2
    Console.write-line(f"{point} and {point2} are the same.")
else
    Console.write-line(f"{point} and {point2} are different.")

# Point(1,2) and Point(1,2) are the same.

if point == point3
    Console.write-line(f"{point} and {point3} are the same.")
else
    Console.write-line(f"{point} and {point3} are different.")

# Point(1,2) and Point(2,2) are different.