Add support for HTTP authentication

[gbenson]

This pull request adds support for HTTP authentication, by adding an http_auth argument and property to MediaWiki. Whatever you pass/set as http_auth gets passed to Requests as an auth parameter, so you can do any of these:

from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth
wiki = MediaWiki(..., http_auth=HTTPBasicAuth("username", "Pa5sW0rD"))

or:

wiki = MediaWiki(..., http_auth=("username", "Pa5sW0rD"))  # shortcut for basic auth

or:

from requests.auth import HTTPDigestAuth
wiki = MediaWiki(...)
wiki.http_auth=HTTPDigestAuth("username", "Pa5sW0rD")

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 94.17%. Comparing base (98e2423) to head (f8ebd63).
Report is 1 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master     #141   +/-   ##
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  Coverage   94.17%   94.17%           
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  Files           6        6           
  Lines        1219     1237   +18     
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+ Hits         1148     1165   +17     
- Misses         71       72    +1     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
mediawiki/configuraton.py	96.77% <100.00%> (-0.47%)	⬇️
mediawiki/mediawiki.py	91.40% <100.00%> (+0.15%)	⬆️

[barrust]

With this PR, could or should the username and password options be removed? Also, are there open sites with examples of using this form of authentication?

[gbenson]

With this PR, could or should the username and password options be removed?

No, it's a separate thing. The existing username and password are for your account on that particular wiki, they're checked and enforced by MediaWiki itself. The one I added are for HTTP authentication which is usually checked and enforced by the web server, e.g. with Apache you can do it by adding a .htaccess file to the MediaWiki directory on the server like this:

AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /path/to/.htusers
AuthName "private wiki"
Require valid-user

The browser will pop up a box asking for the username and password before even touching any MediaWiki code.
(docs: Apache, nginx)

Also, are there open sites with examples of using this form of authentication?

Probably not, it's kind of a "total lockdown" form of site protection. I use it on a site I have for private notes, but I could probably set you something up if you need one for testing. Let me know!