bevy_color: Add Oklch Color Space (#12168)

# Objective

- Complete compatibility with CSS Module 4

## Solution

- Added `Oklcha` which implements the Oklch color model.
- Updated `Color` and `LegacyColor` accordingly.

## Migration Guide

- Convert `Oklcha` to `Oklaba` using the provided `From` implementations
and then handle accordingly.

## Notes

This is the _last_ color space missing from the CSS Module 4 standard,
and is also the one I believe we should recommend users actually work
with for hand-crafting colours. It has all the uniformity benefits of
Oklab combined with the intuition chroma and hue provide (when compared
to a-axis and b-axis parameters).

Author: bushrat011899

crates/bevy_color/crates/gen_tests/src/main.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use palette::{Hsl, Hsv, Hwb, IntoColor, Lab, Lch, LinSrgb, Oklab, Srgb, Xyz};
+use palette::{Hsl, Hsv, Hwb, IntoColor, Lab, Lch, LinSrgb, Oklab, Oklch, Srgb, Xyz};
 
 const TEST_COLORS: &[(f32, f32, f32, &str)] = &[
     (0., 0., 0., "black"),
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ fn main() {
     println!(
         "// Generated by gen_tests. Do not edit.
 #[cfg(test)]
-use crate::{{Hsla, Hsva, Hwba, Srgba, LinearRgba, Oklaba, Laba, Lcha, Xyza}};
+use crate::{{Hsla, Hsva, Hwba, Srgba, LinearRgba, Oklaba, Oklcha, Laba, Lcha, Xyza}};
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 pub struct TestColor {{
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ pub struct TestColor {{
     pub lab: Laba,
     pub lch: Lcha,
     pub oklab: Oklaba,
+    pub oklch: Oklcha,
     pub xyz: Xyza,
 }}
 "
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ pub struct TestColor {{
         let lab: Lab = srgb.into_color();
         let lch: Lch = srgb.into_color();
         let oklab: Oklab = srgb.into_color();
+        let oklch: Oklch = srgb.into_color();
         let xyz: Xyz = srgb.into_color();
         println!("    // {name}");
         println!(
@@ -68,6 +70,7 @@ pub struct TestColor {{
         lab: Laba::new({}, {}, {}, 1.0),
         lch: Lcha::new({}, {}, {}, 1.0),
         oklab: Oklaba::new({}, {}, {}, 1.0),
+        oklch: Oklcha::new({}, {}, {}, 1.0),
         xyz: Xyza::new({}, {}, {}, 1.0),
     }},",
             VariablePrecision(srgb.red),
@@ -94,6 +97,9 @@ pub struct TestColor {{
             VariablePrecision(oklab.l),
             VariablePrecision(oklab.a),
             VariablePrecision(oklab.b),
+            VariablePrecision(oklch.l),
+            VariablePrecision(oklch.chroma),
+            VariablePrecision(oklch.hue.into_positive_degrees()),
             VariablePrecision(xyz.x),
             VariablePrecision(xyz.y),
             VariablePrecision(xyz.z),

crates/bevy_color/src/color.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-use crate::{Alpha, Hsla, Hsva, Hwba, Laba, Lcha, LinearRgba, Oklaba, Srgba, StandardColor, Xyza};
+use crate::{
+    Alpha, Hsla, Hsva, Hwba, Laba, Lcha, LinearRgba, Oklaba, Oklcha, Srgba, StandardColor, Xyza,
+};
 use bevy_reflect::{Reflect, ReflectDeserialize, ReflectSerialize};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
@@ -29,6 +31,8 @@ pub enum Color {
     Lcha(Lcha),
     /// A color in the Oklaba color space with alpha.
     Oklaba(Oklaba),
+    /// A color in the Oklcha color space with alpha.
+    Oklcha(Oklcha),
     /// A color in the XYZ color space with alpha.
     Xyza(Xyza),
 }
@@ -196,6 +200,26 @@ impl Color {
         })
     }
 
+    /// Creates a new [`Color`] object storing a [`Oklcha`] color.
+    pub const fn oklcha(lightness: f32, chroma: f32, hue: f32, alpha: f32) -> Self {
+        Self::Oklcha(Oklcha {
+            lightness,
+            chroma,
+            hue,
+            alpha,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Creates a new [`Color`] object storing a [`Oklcha`] color with an alpha of 1.0.
+    pub const fn oklch(lightness: f32, chroma: f32, hue: f32) -> Self {
+        Self::Oklcha(Oklcha {
+            lightness,
+            chroma,
+            hue,
+            alpha: 1.0,
+        })
+    }
+
     /// Creates a new [`Color`] object storing a [`Xyza`] color.
     pub const fn xyza(x: f32, y: f32, z: f32, alpha: f32) -> Self {
         Self::Xyza(Xyza { x, y, z, alpha })
@@ -241,6 +265,7 @@ impl Alpha for Color {
             Color::Laba(x) => *x = x.with_alpha(alpha),
             Color::Lcha(x) => *x = x.with_alpha(alpha),
             Color::Oklaba(x) => *x = x.with_alpha(alpha),
+            Color::Oklcha(x) => *x = x.with_alpha(alpha),
             Color::Xyza(x) => *x = x.with_alpha(alpha),
         }
 
@@ -257,6 +282,7 @@ impl Alpha for Color {
             Color::Laba(x) => x.alpha(),
             Color::Lcha(x) => x.alpha(),
             Color::Oklaba(x) => x.alpha(),
+            Color::Oklcha(x) => x.alpha(),
             Color::Xyza(x) => x.alpha(),
         }
     }
@@ -298,6 +324,12 @@ impl From<Oklaba> for Color {
     }
 }
 
+impl From<Oklcha> for Color {
+    fn from(value: Oklcha) -> Self {
+        Self::Oklcha(value)
+    }
+}
+
 impl From<Lcha> for Color {
     fn from(value: Lcha) -> Self {
         Self::Lcha(value)
@@ -327,6 +359,7 @@ impl From<Color> for Srgba {
             Color::Laba(laba) => laba.into(),
             Color::Lcha(lcha) => lcha.into(),
             Color::Oklaba(oklab) => oklab.into(),
+            Color::Oklcha(oklch) => oklch.into(),
             Color::Xyza(xyza) => xyza.into(),
         }
     }
@@ -343,6 +376,7 @@ impl From<Color> for LinearRgba {
             Color::Laba(laba) => laba.into(),
             Color::Lcha(lcha) => lcha.into(),
             Color::Oklaba(oklab) => oklab.into(),
+            Color::Oklcha(oklch) => oklch.into(),
             Color::Xyza(xyza) => xyza.into(),
         }
     }
@@ -359,6 +393,7 @@ impl From<Color> for Hsla {
             Color::Laba(laba) => laba.into(),
             Color::Lcha(lcha) => lcha.into(),
             Color::Oklaba(oklab) => oklab.into(),
+            Color::Oklcha(oklch) => oklch.into(),
             Color::Xyza(xyza) => xyza.into(),
         }
     }
@@ -375,6 +410,7 @@ impl From<Color> for Hsva {
             Color::Laba(laba) => laba.into(),
             Color::Lcha(lcha) => lcha.into(),
             Color::Oklaba(oklab) => oklab.into(),
+            Color::Oklcha(oklch) => oklch.into(),
             Color::Xyza(xyza) => xyza.into(),
         }
     }
@@ -391,6 +427,7 @@ impl From<Color> for Hwba {
             Color::Laba(laba) => laba.into(),
             Color::Lcha(lcha) => lcha.into(),
             Color::Oklaba(oklab) => oklab.into(),
+            Color::Oklcha(oklch) => oklch.into(),
             Color::Xyza(xyza) => xyza.into(),
         }
     }
@@ -407,6 +444,7 @@ impl From<Color> for Laba {
             Color::Laba(laba) => laba,
             Color::Lcha(lcha) => lcha.into(),
             Color::Oklaba(oklab) => oklab.into(),
+            Color::Oklcha(oklch) => oklch.into(),
             Color::Xyza(xyza) => xyza.into(),
         }
     }
@@ -423,6 +461,7 @@ impl From<Color> for Lcha {
             Color::Laba(laba) => laba.into(),
             Color::Lcha(lcha) => lcha,
             Color::Oklaba(oklab) => oklab.into(),
+            Color::Oklcha(oklch) => oklch.into(),
             Color::Xyza(xyza) => xyza.into(),
         }
     }
@@ -439,6 +478,24 @@ impl From<Color> for Oklaba {
             Color::Laba(laba) => laba.into(),
             Color::Lcha(lcha) => lcha.into(),
             Color::Oklaba(oklab) => oklab,
+            Color::Oklcha(oklch) => oklch.into(),
+            Color::Xyza(xyza) => xyza.into(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<Color> for Oklcha {
+    fn from(value: Color) -> Self {
+        match value {
+            Color::Srgba(srgba) => srgba.into(),
+            Color::LinearRgba(linear) => linear.into(),
+            Color::Hsla(hsla) => hsla.into(),
+            Color::Hsva(hsva) => hsva.into(),
+            Color::Hwba(hwba) => hwba.into(),
+            Color::Laba(laba) => laba.into(),
+            Color::Lcha(lcha) => lcha.into(),
+            Color::Oklaba(oklab) => oklab.into(),
+            Color::Oklcha(oklch) => oklch,
             Color::Xyza(xyza) => xyza.into(),
         }
     }
@@ -455,6 +512,7 @@ impl From<Color> for Xyza {
             Color::Laba(laba) => laba.into(),
             Color::Lcha(x) => x.into(),
             Color::Oklaba(x) => x.into(),
+            Color::Oklcha(oklch) => oklch.into(),
             Color::Xyza(xyza) => xyza,
         }
     }

crates/bevy_color/src/lib.rs

@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@
 //! and an analog of lightness in the form of value. In contrast, HWB instead uses whiteness and blackness
 //! parameters, which can be used to lighten and darken a particular hue respectively.
 //!
-//! Oklab is a perceptually uniform color space that is designed to be used for tasks such
-//! as image processing. It is not as widely used as the other color spaces, but it is useful
+//! Oklab and Okclch are perceptually uniform color spaces that are designed to be used for tasks such
+//! as image processing. They are not as widely used as the other color spaces, but are useful
 //! for tasks such as color correction and image analysis, where it is important to be able
 //! to do things like change color saturation without causing hue shifts.
 //!
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ mod laba;
 mod lcha;
 mod linear_rgba;
 mod oklaba;
+mod oklcha;
 pub mod palettes;
 mod srgba;
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -106,6 +107,7 @@ pub mod prelude {
     pub use crate::lcha::*;
     pub use crate::linear_rgba::*;
     pub use crate::oklaba::*;
+    pub use crate::oklcha::*;
     pub use crate::srgba::*;
     pub use crate::xyza::*;
 }
@@ -120,6 +122,7 @@ pub use laba::*;
 pub use lcha::*;
 pub use linear_rgba::*;
 pub use oklaba::*;
+pub use oklcha::*;
 pub use srgba::*;
 pub use xyza::*;
 
@@ -142,6 +145,7 @@ where
     Self: From<Laba> + Into<Laba>,
     Self: From<Lcha> + Into<Lcha>,
     Self: From<Oklaba> + Into<Oklaba>,
+    Self: From<Oklcha> + Into<Oklcha>,
     Self: From<Xyza> + Into<Xyza>,
     Self: Alpha,
 {