A FreeBSD jail manager.
iocage is a jail/container manager amalgamating some of the best features and technologies the FreeBSD operating system has to offer. It is geared for ease of use with a simple and easy to understand command syntax.
iocage is in the FreeBSD ports tree as sysutils/py-iocage.
To install using binary packages, simply run: pkg install py36-iocage
/usr/src is required to build from GitHub
pkg install python36 git-lite libgit2
git clone --recursive https://github.com/iocage/iocage
make install
as root
To install subsequent updates: run make install
as root.
- Build the port as follows:
cd /usr/ports/sysutils/py3-iocage/ ; make install clean
Note: sysutils/py3-iocage
will conflict with other previous versions of iocage included into the ports tree. We suggest you first uninstall any other previous version of iocage prior to install this one.
- It is possible to install pre-built packages using pkg(8) if you are using FreeBSD 10 or above:
pkg install py36-iocage
This repository replaces iocage_legacy
. To upgrade to the current version:
- Stop the jails (
service iocage stop; iocage stop ALL
) - Back up your data
- Remove the old
iocage
package if it is installed (pkg delete iocage
) - Install
py3-iocage
using one of the methods above - Migrate the jails. This can be done by running
iocage list
as root - Start the jails (
service iocage onestart
)
- This is beta quality software, there be dragons! Please report them.
- Some features of the previous iocage_legacy are either being dropped or simply not ported yet, feel free to open an issue asking about your favorite feature. But please search before opening a new one. PR's welcome for any feature you want!
- DOCUMENTATION
- Mailing list: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/iocage
We like issues! If you are having trouble with iocage
please open a GitHub issue and we will run around with our hair on fire look into it. Before doing so, please give us some information about the situation:
- Tell us what version of FreeBSD you are using with something like
uname -ro
- It would also be helpful if you gave us the output of
iocage --version
- Most importantly, try to be detailed. Simply stating "I tried consoling into a jail and it broke" will not help us very much.
- Use the Markdown Basics GitHub page for more information on how to paste lines of code and terminal output.
Please be detailed on the exact use case of your change and a short demo of it. Make sure it conforms with PEP-8 and that you supply a test with it if relevant. Lines may not be longer then 80 characters.
FEATURES:
- Ease of use
- Rapid jail creation within seconds
- Automatic package installation
- Virtual networking stacks (vnet)
- Shared IP based jails (non vnet)
- Transparent ZFS snapshot management
- Export and import
- And many more!
QUICK HOWTO:
Activate a zpool:
iocage activate ZPOOL
NOTE: ZPOOL is a placeholder. Use zpool list
and substitute it for the
zpool you wish to use.
Fetch a release:
iocage fetch
Create a jail:
iocage create -n myjail ip4_addr="em0|192.168.1.10/24" -r 11.0-RELEASE
NOTE: em0 and 11.0-RELEASE are placeholders. Please replace them with your
real interface (ifconfig
) and RELEASE chosen during iocage fetch
.
Start the jail:
iocage start myjail
Congratulations, you have created your first jail with iocage!
You can now use it like you would a real system.
Since SSH won't be available by default, iocage console myjail
is a useful
spot to begin configuration of your jail.
To see a list of commands available to you now, type iocage
outside the jail.
REQUIREMENTS
- FreeBSD 9.3-RELEASE amd64 and higher or HardenedBSD/TrueOS
- ZFS file system
- Python 3.6+
- UTF-8 locale (place into your ~/.login_conf):
me:\
:charset=UTF-8:\
:lang=en_US.UTF-8:\
:setenv=LC_COLLATE=C:
Optional
-
Kernel compiled with:
# This is optional and only needed if you need VNET options VIMAGE # VNET/Vimage support
Helpful Considerations
-
For the explanations on jail properties read jail(8)
-
Create bridge0 and bridge1 interfaces for VNET jails to attach to.
-
Use
iocage set
to modify properties andiocage get
to retrieve property values -
Type
iocage COMMAND --help
to see any flags the command supports and their help, for example:iocage create --help iocage fetch --help iocage list --help
-
If using VNET consider adding the following to
/etc/sysctl.conf
on the host:net.inet.ip.forwarding=1 # Enable IP forwarding between interfaces net.link.bridge.pfil_onlyip=0 # Only pass IP packets when pfil is enabled net.link.bridge.pfil_bridge=0 # Packet filter on the bridge interface net.link.bridge.pfil_member=0 # Packet filter on the member interface
-
Lots of jails or a big server? Mount
fdescfs
:mount -t fdescfs fdesc /dev/fd