CIP-0040? | Collateral output

[SebastienGllmt]

This PR describes adding a new output type to transactions called Collateral Outputs which removes the need for wallets to explicitly set collateral (which is bad UX) and improves safety of collateral at the same time

This PR is part of a series of different ways we can improve collateral handling in Cardano. You can find the three options below

Collateral Key
Collateral Output
Collateral Reward

[JaredCorduan]

Suggested change

	Authors: Sebastien Guillemot <seba@dcspark.io>, Jared Corduan <jared.corduan@iohk.io>
	Authors: Sebastien Guillemot <seba@dcspark.io>, Andre Knispel <andre.knispel@iohk.io>

[KtorZ]

Approving assuming that the following steps will be tackled before merging:

• Change CIP number to 40
• Move the file into the proper cip-0040 repository
• Add it to the README table
• Change status to proposed

[KtorZ]

(cc @rphair)

[rphair]

@KtorZ can other editors make changes like these (#216 (review)) to PR assets or would @SebastienGllmt be required to do it? If you've been doing these administrative changes before merge to other people's PR's, please let me know how 😎

[KtorZ]

@rphair it's sometimes possible depending on what the settings of the PR's authors are. Some authors disable editing of their PR, some don't. Most of the time though, we kindly ask authors to do so.

As for the how, through git usually, pushing directly on the branch (which is allowed by default for PR made to your repository, unless disabled).

[KtorZ]

@SebastienGllmt seems like this one has been forgotten a bit. If you have any time to tidy this up then please do, otherwise if you don't mind, I'll just do it :)

[rphair]

OK @KtorZ @SebastienGllmt I wanted to be sure I could do this. Please feel free to double check & if anything wrong or missing let me know & I'll publish any fixes as a separate PR.

Cc @JaredCorduan