✨ Add pre-commit configuration

[burgholzer]

This PR adds an initial pre-commit configuration to the SyReC project.
Pre-commit is used for ensuring proper formatting across the whole code base and all file types and additionally lints the Python part of the project.

Running it is as easy as

nox -rs lint

nox is best installed via pipx install nox (or brew install nox if you are on macOS). If you don't have pipx (pip for applications) you can install it with pip install pipx (or brew install pipx if you are on macOS).

Most formatting guidelines are applied automatically. For the linter warnings, suggestions are provided in many cases.

This PR also runs pre-commit over the complete code base and applies all suggestions and formatting guidelines.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 91.1%. Comparing base (a62dd68) to head (b59973c).
Report is 878 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@          Coverage Diff          @@
##            main    #101   +/-   ##
=====================================
  Coverage   91.1%   91.1%           
=====================================
  Files         20      20           
  Lines       1726    1726           
  Branches     411     411           
=====================================
  Hits        1573    1573           
  Misses       153     153           

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