Update Go version

[Nuru]

what

• Update go versions.
  • Update Alpine 3.19.1 -> 3.20.3 to update go from 1.21.10 -> 1.22.8
  • Update Debain's go 1.19.1 -> 1.23.2
  • Update auto-update workflow to stable via actions/setup-go
• Publish updated kubectl-1.29 package at v1.29.9
• Publish updated kubectl-1.31 package at v1.31.1

why

• The terraform-config-inspect package relies on libraries that now require go v1.22 or later, but we were mostly using v1.21.
• Supersedes and closes Update kubectl-1.29 to 1.29.9 #5014 which has merge issues
• Supersedes and closes Update kubectl-1.31 to 1.31.1 #5096 which has merge issues

NOTE

We attempted to update Cloudsmith GitHub Action 0.6.10 -> 0.6.14 but it failed because it again tries to install Python. We wanted a more robust download of the Cloudsmith CLI binary, because the v0.6.10 uses curl with no retries and fails when hit with a rate limit or other transient error.