workload/schemachange/mixed-version: avoid index visibility

Fixes: #87768

Previously, we were generating statements with invisible indexes in mixed
version environments, which could lead to statements generated not
supported on older versions. To address this, this patch will prevent
the generation of create table/ create index statements with invisible
indexes.

Release note: None

pkg/workload/schemachange/operation_generator.go

@@ -934,13 +934,22 @@ func (og *operationGenerator) createIndex(ctx context.Context, tx pgx.Tx) (*opSt
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
+	// Only generate invisible indexes when they are supported.
+	invisibleIndexesIsNotSupported, err := isClusterVersionLessThan(
+		ctx,
+		tx,
+		clusterversion.ByKey(clusterversion.Start22_2))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
 	def := &tree.CreateIndex{
 		Name:        tree.Name(indexName),
 		Table:       *tableName,
-		Unique:      og.randIntn(4) == 0,  // 25% UNIQUE
-		Inverted:    og.randIntn(10) == 0, // 10% INVERTED
-		IfNotExists: og.randIntn(2) == 0,  // 50% IF NOT EXISTS
-		NotVisible:  og.randIntn(20) == 0, // 5% NOT VISIBLE
+		Unique:      og.randIntn(4) == 0,                                     // 25% UNIQUE
+		Inverted:    og.randIntn(10) == 0,                                    // 10% INVERTED
+		IfNotExists: og.randIntn(2) == 0,                                     // 50% IF NOT EXISTS
+		NotVisible:  og.randIntn(20) == 0 && !invisibleIndexesIsNotSupported, // 5% NOT VISIBLE
 	}
 
 	regionColumn := ""
@@ -1207,6 +1216,26 @@ func (og *operationGenerator) createTable(ctx context.Context, tx pgx.Tx) (*opSt
 		return false
 	}()
 
+	invisibleIndexesIsNotSupported, err := isClusterVersionLessThan(
+		ctx,
+		tx,
+		clusterversion.ByKey(clusterversion.Start22_2))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	hasInvisibleIndexesUnsupported := func() bool {
+		if !invisibleIndexesIsNotSupported {
+			return false
+		}
+		// Check if any of the indexes have trigrams involved.
+		for _, def := range stmt.Defs {
+			if idx, ok := def.(*tree.IndexTableDef); ok && idx.NotVisible {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+		return false
+	}()
+
 	tableExists, err := og.tableExists(ctx, tx, tableName)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -1224,6 +1253,7 @@ func (og *operationGenerator) createTable(ctx context.Context, tx pgx.Tx) (*opSt
 	// fully transaction aware.
 	codesWithConditions{
 		{code: pgcode.FeatureNotSupported, condition: hasTrigramIdxUnsupported},
+		{code: pgcode.Syntax, condition: hasInvisibleIndexesUnsupported},
 	}.add(opStmt.potentialExecErrors)
 	opStmt.sql = tree.Serialize(stmt)
 	return opStmt, nil