Podman windows initdb: error: could not change permissions of directory "/var/lib/postgresql/data": Operation not permitted #24992

majidmadadi · 2025-01-10T04:19:59Z

majidmadadi
Jan 10, 2025

I put Podman on Windows 11 by following the official steps. Everything runs smoothly except postgres volumes. I see the error "chmod: changing permissions of '/var/lib/postgresql/data': Operation not permitted". I try these commands from similar talks but they fail:

podman run --name pg -it --rm -v C:\Users\madad\Desktop\pgdata:/var/lib/postgresql/data -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=postgres postgres

podman run --name pg -it --rm -v C:\Users\madad\Desktop\pgdata:/var/lib/postgresql/data:z -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=postgres postgres

podman run --name pg -it --rm -e PGDATA=/var/lib/postgresql/data/pgdata -v C:\Users\madad\Desktop\pgdata:/var/lib/postgresql/data -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=postgres postgres

here is the output for the commands:

chmod: changing permissions of '/var/lib/postgresql/data': Operation not permitted
The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.utf8".
The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
The default text search configuration will be set to "english".

Data page checksums are disabled.

fixing permissions on existing directory /var/lib/postgresql/data ... initdb: error: could not change permissions of directory "/var/lib/postgresql/data": Operation not permitted

I use windows 11 with wsl2 installed.
Can anyone help?

Answered by eriksjolund

Jan 12, 2025

I forgot to say, using named volumes is often easier than using directories.

To use a named volume, run these commands

podman volume create myvol
podman run --name pg -it --rm -v myvol:/var/lib/postgresql/data -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=insecurepassword postgres

View full answer

eriksjolund · 2025-01-10T07:31:11Z

eriksjolund
Jan 10, 2025

Does it make any diference if you add the option
--userns=keep-id:uid=999,gid=999
?

I tried to auto-detect such UIDs and GIDs here
https://github.com/eriksjolund/podman-detect-option
(currently that project is a bit unfinished work in progress)

4 replies

majidmadadi Jan 10, 2025
Author

I get the following output

data:/var/lib/postgresql/data --userns=keep-id:uid=999,gid=999 postgres
The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.utf8".
The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
The default text search configuration will be set to "english".

Data page checksums are disabled.

fixing permissions on existing directory /var/lib/postgresql/data ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
selecting default "max_connections" ... 20
selecting default "shared_buffers" ... 400kB
selecting default time zone ... Etc/UTC
creating configuration files ... ok
running bootstrap script ... 2025-01-11 00:45:57.388 UTC [64] FATAL:  data directory "/var/lib/postgresql/data" has invalid permissions
2025-01-11 00:45:57.388 UTC [64] DETAIL:  Permissions should be u=rwx (0700) or u=rwx,g=rx (0750).
child process exited with exit code 1
initdb: removing contents of data directory "/var/lib/postgresql/data"

eriksjolund Jan 12, 2025

I don't have any Windows computer but I did a few tests on Linux with podman 5.3.0-rc1.
I'm not sure find I've found any solution but I'll share some ideas.

By the way, are you using rootless Podman or rootful Podman?

Check with the command

 podman info | grep rootless:

Here is how it looks like on a macBook which is configured to use rootful Podman

$ podman info | grep rootless:
    rootless: false

Maybe adding --userns=keep-id:uid=999,gid=999 --user 0:0 would work?

Or maybe adding the volume option idmap=uids=0-999-1;gids=0-999-1

test 1

rootfull podman with --userns=keep-id:uid=999,gid=999

result: failure with error message:

 error: could not change permissions of directory "/var/lib/postgresql/data": Operation not permitted

Click me

$ sudo mkdir /root/data1
$ sudo podman run --name test --replace --rm  -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=insecurepassword -v /root/data1:/var/lib/postgresql/data:Z --userns=keep-id:uid=999,gid=999 docker.io/library/postgres
chmod: changing permissions of '/var/lib/postgresql/data': Operation not permitted
The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.utf8".
The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
The default text search configuration will be set to "english".

Data page checksums are disabled.

fixing permissions on existing directory /var/lib/postgresql/data ... initdb: error: could not change permissions of directory "/var/lib/postgresql/data": Operation not permitted
$

test 2

rootful podman with --user 0:0 --userns=keep-id:uid=999,gid=999

result: success. All created files are owned by 999:999 on the host.

Click me

$ sudo mkdir /root/data2
$ sudo podman run --name test --replace --rm  -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=insecurepassword -v /root/data2:/var/lib/postgresql/data:Z --user 0:0 --userns=keep-id:uid=999,gid=999 docker.io/library/postgres
The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.utf8".
The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
The default text search configuration will be set to "english".

Data page checksums are disabled.

fixing permissions on existing directory /var/lib/postgresql/data ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
selecting default "max_connections" ... 100
selecting default "shared_buffers" ... 128MB
selecting default time zone ... Etc/UTC
creating configuration files ... ok
running bootstrap script ... ok
performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
syncing data to disk ... ok


Success. You can now start the database server using:

    pg_ctl -D /var/lib/postgresql/data -l logfile start

initdb: warning: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
initdb: hint: You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or --auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.
waiting for server to start....2025-01-12 07:18:23.542 UTC [43] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 17.2 (Debian 17.2-1.pgdg120+1) on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 12.2.0-14) 12.2.0, 64-bit
2025-01-12 07:18:23.543 UTC [43] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2025-01-12 07:18:23.557 UTC [46] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2025-01-12 07:18:22 UTC
2025-01-12 07:18:23.578 UTC [43] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
 done
server started

/usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh: ignoring /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/*

2025-01-12 07:18:23.672 UTC [43] LOG:  received fast shutdown request
waiting for server to shut down....2025-01-12 07:18:23.674 UTC [43] LOG:  aborting any active transactions
2025-01-12 07:18:23.679 UTC [43] LOG:  background worker "logical replication launcher" (PID 49) exited with exit code 1
2025-01-12 07:18:23.680 UTC [44] LOG:  shutting down
2025-01-12 07:18:23.682 UTC [44] LOG:  checkpoint starting: shutdown immediate
2025-01-12 07:18:23.695 UTC [44] LOG:  checkpoint complete: wrote 3 buffers (0.0%); 0 WAL file(s) added, 0 removed, 0 recycled; write=0.001 s, sync=0.002 s, total=0.016 s; sync files=2, longest=0.002 s, average=0.001 s; distance=0 kB, estimate=0 kB; lsn=0/14E4F98, redo lsn=0/14E4F98
2025-01-12 07:18:23.702 UTC [43] LOG:  database system is shut down
 done
server stopped

PostgreSQL init process complete; ready for start up.

2025-01-12 07:18:23.810 UTC [1] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 17.2 (Debian 17.2-1.pgdg120+1) on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 12.2.0-14) 12.2.0, 64-bit
2025-01-12 07:18:23.812 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2025-01-12 07:18:23.812 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2025-01-12 07:18:23.815 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2025-01-12 07:18:23.821 UTC [57] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2025-01-12 07:18:23 UTC
2025-01-12 07:18:23.831 UTC [1] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections

test 3

rootful podman with volume option idmap=uids=0-999-1;gids=0-999-1

result: success. All created files are owned by 0:0 on the host.

Click me

$ sudo -i
# rm -rf data6 && mkdir data6
# podman run --pull=never  --name test --replace --rm  -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=insecurepassword -v "/root/data6:/var/lib/postgresql/data:Z,idmap=uids=0-999-1;gids=0-999-1"  docker.io/library/postgres
The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.utf8".
The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
The default text search configuration will be set to "english".

Data page checksums are disabled.

fixing permissions on existing directory /var/lib/postgresql/data ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
selecting default "max_connections" ... 100
selecting default "shared_buffers" ... 128MB
selecting default time zone ... Etc/UTC
creating configuration files ... ok
running bootstrap script ... ok
performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
syncing data to disk ... ok


Success. You can now start the database server using:

    pg_ctl -D /var/lib/postgresql/data -l logfile start

initdb: warning: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
initdb: hint: You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or --auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.
waiting for server to start....2025-01-12 08:23:59.682 UTC [42] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 17.2 (Debian 17.2-1.pgdg120+1) on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 12.2.0-14) 12.2.0, 64-bit
2025-01-12 08:23:59.683 UTC [42] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2025-01-12 08:23:59.689 UTC [45] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2025-01-12 08:23:59 UTC
2025-01-12 08:23:59.696 UTC [42] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
 done
server started

/usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh: ignoring /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/*

2025-01-12 08:23:59.814 UTC [42] LOG:  received fast shutdown request
waiting for server to shut down....2025-01-12 08:23:59.816 UTC [42] LOG:  aborting any active transactions
2025-01-12 08:23:59.822 UTC [42] LOG:  background worker "logical replication launcher" (PID 48) exited with exit code 1
2025-01-12 08:23:59.824 UTC [43] LOG:  shutting down
2025-01-12 08:23:59.826 UTC [43] LOG:  checkpoint starting: shutdown immediate
2025-01-12 08:23:59.835 UTC [43] LOG:  checkpoint complete: wrote 3 buffers (0.0%); 0 WAL file(s) added, 0 removed, 0 recycled; write=0.001 s, sync=0.002 s, total=0.012 s; sync files=2, longest=0.002 s, average=0.001 s; distance=0 kB, estimate=0 kB; lsn=0/14E4F98, redo lsn=0/14E4F98
2025-01-12 08:23:59.843 UTC [42] LOG:  database system is shut down
 done
server stopped

PostgreSQL init process complete; ready for start up.

2025-01-12 08:23:59.962 UTC [1] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 17.2 (Debian 17.2-1.pgdg120+1) on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 12.2.0-14) 12.2.0, 64-bit
2025-01-12 08:23:59.963 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2025-01-12 08:23:59.964 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2025-01-12 08:23:59.966 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2025-01-12 08:23:59.971 UTC [56] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2025-01-12 08:23:59 UTC
2025-01-12 08:23:59.981 UTC [1] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
^C2025-01-12 08:24:05.358 UTC [1] LOG:  received fast shutdown request
2025-01-12 08:24:05.372 UTC [1] LOG:  aborting any active transactions
2025-01-12 08:24:05.378 UTC [1] LOG:  background worker "logical replication launcher" (PID 59) exited with exit code 1
2025-01-12 08:24:05.379 UTC [54] LOG:  shutting down
2025-01-12 08:24:05.381 UTC [54] LOG:  checkpoint starting: shutdown immediate
2025-01-12 08:24:05.390 UTC [54] LOG:  checkpoint complete: wrote 3 buffers (0.0%); 0 WAL file(s) added, 0 removed, 0 recycled; write=0.001 s, sync=0.003 s, total=0.011 s; sync files=2, longest=0.002 s, average=0.002 s; distance=0 kB, estimate=0 kB; lsn=0/14E5010, redo lsn=0/14E5010
2025-01-12 08:24:05.396 UTC [1] LOG:  database system is shut down
# find  data6 -not -group 0
# find  data6 -not -user 0
#

test 4

rootless podman with --userns=keep-id:uid=999,gid=999

result: success. All created files are owned the regular user on the host.

Click me

$ mkdir data4
$ podman run  --name test --replace --rm  -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=insecurepassword -v ./data4:/var/lib/postgresql/data:Z --userns=keep-id:uid=999,gid=999 docker.io/library/postgres
The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.utf8".
The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
The default text search configuration will be set to "english".

Data page checksums are disabled.

fixing permissions on existing directory /var/lib/postgresql/data ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
selecting default "max_connections" ... 100
selecting default "shared_buffers" ... 128MB
selecting default time zone ... Etc/UTC
creating configuration files ... ok
running bootstrap script ... ok
performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
syncing data to disk ... ok


Success. You can now start the database server using:

    pg_ctl -D /var/lib/postgresql/data -l logfile start

initdb: warning: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
initdb: hint: You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or --auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.
waiting for server to start....2025-01-12 08:37:24.515 UTC [30] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 17.2 (Debian 17.2-1.pgdg120+1) on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 12.2.0-14) 12.2.0, 64-bit
2025-01-12 08:37:24.517 UTC [30] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2025-01-12 08:37:24.526 UTC [33] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2025-01-12 08:37:23 UTC
2025-01-12 08:37:24.547 UTC [30] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
 done
server started

/usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh: ignoring /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/*

waiting for server to shut down....2025-01-12 08:37:24.668 UTC [30] LOG:  received fast shutdown request
2025-01-12 08:37:24.679 UTC [30] LOG:  aborting any active transactions
2025-01-12 08:37:24.688 UTC [30] LOG:  background worker "logical replication launcher" (PID 36) exited with exit code 1
2025-01-12 08:37:24.689 UTC [31] LOG:  shutting down
2025-01-12 08:37:24.693 UTC [31] LOG:  checkpoint starting: shutdown immediate
2025-01-12 08:37:24.705 UTC [31] LOG:  checkpoint complete: wrote 3 buffers (0.0%); 0 WAL file(s) added, 0 removed, 0 recycled; write=0.002 s, sync=0.003 s, total=0.016 s; sync files=2, longest=0.002 s, average=0.002 s; distance=0 kB, estimate=0 kB; lsn=0/14E4F98, redo lsn=0/14E4F98
2025-01-12 08:37:24.711 UTC [30] LOG:  database system is shut down
 done
server stopped

PostgreSQL init process complete; ready for start up.

2025-01-12 08:37:24.831 UTC [1] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 17.2 (Debian 17.2-1.pgdg120+1) on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 12.2.0-14) 12.2.0, 64-bit
2025-01-12 08:37:24.832 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2025-01-12 08:37:24.832 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2025-01-12 08:37:24.835 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2025-01-12 08:37:24.842 UTC [44] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2025-01-12 08:37:24 UTC
2025-01-12 08:37:24.855 UTC [1] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
^C2025-01-12 08:37:27.044 UTC [1] LOG:  received fast shutdown request
2025-01-12 08:37:27.047 UTC [1] LOG:  aborting any active transactions
2025-01-12 08:37:27.057 UTC [1] LOG:  background worker "logical replication launcher" (PID 47) exited with exit code 1
2025-01-12 08:37:27.059 UTC [42] LOG:  shutting down
2025-01-12 08:37:27.061 UTC [42] LOG:  checkpoint starting: shutdown immediate
2025-01-12 08:37:27.070 UTC [42] LOG:  checkpoint complete: wrote 3 buffers (0.0%); 0 WAL file(s) added, 0 removed, 0 recycled; write=0.001 s, sync=0.002 s, total=0.011 s; sync files=2, longest=0.002 s, average=0.001 s; distance=0 kB, estimate=0 kB; lsn=0/14E5010, redo lsn=0/14E5010
2025-01-12 08:37:27.079 UTC [1] LOG:  database system is shut down
$ podman unshare find ./data4 -not -group 0
$ podman unshare find ./data4 -not -group 0
$

test 5

rootless podman with ---user 0:0 --userns=keep-id:uid=999,gid=999

result: success. All created files are owned the regular user on the host.

Click me

$ mkdir data5
$ podman run  --name test --replace --rm  -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=insecurepassword -v ./data5:/var/lib/postgresql/data:Z --user 0:0 --userns=keep-id:uid=999,gid=999 docker.io/library/postgres
The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.utf8".
The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
The default text search configuration will be set to "english".

Data page checksums are disabled.

fixing permissions on existing directory /var/lib/postgresql/data ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
selecting default "max_connections" ... 100
selecting default "shared_buffers" ... 128MB
selecting default time zone ... Etc/UTC
creating configuration files ... ok
running bootstrap script ... ok
performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
syncing data to disk ... ok


Success. You can now start the database server using:

    pg_ctl -D /var/lib/postgresql/data -l logfile start

initdb: warning: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
initdb: hint: You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or --auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.
waiting for server to start....2025-01-12 08:38:24.469 UTC [43] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 17.2 (Debian 17.2-1.pgdg120+1) on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 12.2.0-14) 12.2.0, 64-bit
2025-01-12 08:38:24.470 UTC [43] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2025-01-12 08:38:24.478 UTC [46] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2025-01-12 08:38:23 UTC
2025-01-12 08:38:24.489 UTC [43] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
 done
server started

/usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh: ignoring /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/*

waiting for server to shut down...2025-01-12 08:38:24.589 UTC [43] LOG:  received fast shutdown request
.2025-01-12 08:38:24.592 UTC [43] LOG:  aborting any active transactions
2025-01-12 08:38:24.597 UTC [43] LOG:  background worker "logical replication launcher" (PID 49) exited with exit code 1
2025-01-12 08:38:24.599 UTC [44] LOG:  shutting down
2025-01-12 08:38:24.602 UTC [44] LOG:  checkpoint starting: shutdown immediate
2025-01-12 08:38:24.616 UTC [44] LOG:  checkpoint complete: wrote 3 buffers (0.0%); 0 WAL file(s) added, 0 removed, 0 recycled; write=0.002 s, sync=0.004 s, total=0.017 s; sync files=2, longest=0.003 s, average=0.002 s; distance=0 kB, estimate=0 kB; lsn=0/14E4F98, redo lsn=0/14E4F98
2025-01-12 08:38:24.627 UTC [43] LOG:  database system is shut down
 done
server stopped

PostgreSQL init process complete; ready for start up.

2025-01-12 08:38:24.745 UTC [1] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 17.2 (Debian 17.2-1.pgdg120+1) on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 12.2.0-14) 12.2.0, 64-bit
2025-01-12 08:38:24.747 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2025-01-12 08:38:24.747 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2025-01-12 08:38:24.750 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2025-01-12 08:38:24.759 UTC [57] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2025-01-12 08:38:24 UTC
2025-01-12 08:38:24.773 UTC [1] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
^C2025-01-12 08:38:33.669 UTC [1] LOG:  received fast shutdown request
2025-01-12 08:38:33.675 UTC [1] LOG:  aborting any active transactions
2025-01-12 08:38:33.681 UTC [1] LOG:  background worker "logical replication launcher" (PID 60) exited with exit code 1
2025-01-12 08:38:33.683 UTC [55] LOG:  shutting down
2025-01-12 08:38:33.685 UTC [55] LOG:  checkpoint starting: shutdown immediate
2025-01-12 08:38:33.693 UTC [55] LOG:  checkpoint complete: wrote 3 buffers (0.0%); 0 WAL file(s) added, 0 removed, 0 recycled; write=0.001 s, sync=0.002 s, total=0.011 s; sync files=2, longest=0.002 s, average=0.001 s; distance=0 kB, estimate=0 kB; lsn=0/14E5010, redo lsn=0/14E5010
2025-01-12 08:38:33.702 UTC [1] LOG:  database system is shut down
$ podman unshare find ./data5 -not -group 0
$ podman unshare find ./data5 -not -user 0
$

eriksjolund Jan 12, 2025

I forgot to say, using named volumes is often easier than using directories.

To use a named volume, run these commands

podman volume create myvol
podman run --name pg -it --rm -v myvol:/var/lib/postgresql/data -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=insecurepassword postgres

Answer selected by majidmadadi

majidmadadi Jan 15, 2025
Author

@eriksjolund thank you for your time. Named volumes worked.

Provide feedback

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Podman windows initdb: error: could not change permissions of directory "/var/lib/postgresql/data": Operation not permitted #24992

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Podman windows initdb: error: could not change permissions of directory "/var/lib/postgresql/data": Operation not permitted #24992

majidmadadi Jan 10, 2025

Replies: 1 comment · 4 replies

eriksjolund Jan 10, 2025

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eriksjolund Jan 12, 2025

test 1

test 2

test 3

test 4

test 5

eriksjolund Jan 12, 2025

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