btrfs: scrub: Don't check free space before marking a block group RO

[BUG]
When running btrfs/072 with only one online CPU, it has a pretty high
chance to fail:

  btrfs/072 12s ... _check_dmesg: something found in dmesg (see xfstests-dev/results//btrfs/072.dmesg)
  - output mismatch (see xfstests-dev/results//btrfs/072.out.bad)
      --- tests/btrfs/072.out     2019-10-22 15:18:14.008965340 +0800
      +++ /xfstests-dev/results//btrfs/072.out.bad      2019-11-14 15:56:45.877152240 +0800
      @@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
       QA output created by 072
       Silence is golden
      +Scrub find errors in "-m dup -d single" test
      ...

And with the following call trace:

  BTRFS info (device dm-5): scrub: started on devid 1
  ------------[ cut here ]------------
  BTRFS: Transaction aborted (error -27)
  WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 55087 at fs/btrfs/block-group.c:1890 btrfs_create_pending_block_groups+0x3e6/0x470 [btrfs]
  CPU: 0 PID: 55087 Comm: btrfs Tainted: G        W  O      5.4.0-rc1-custom+ #13
  Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015
  RIP: 0010:btrfs_create_pending_block_groups+0x3e6/0x470 [btrfs]
  Call Trace:
   __btrfs_end_transaction+0xdb/0x310 [btrfs]
   btrfs_end_transaction+0x10/0x20 [btrfs]
   btrfs_inc_block_group_ro+0x1c9/0x210 [btrfs]
   scrub_enumerate_chunks+0x264/0x940 [btrfs]
   btrfs_scrub_dev+0x45c/0x8f0 [btrfs]
   btrfs_ioctl+0x31a1/0x3fb0 [btrfs]
   do_vfs_ioctl+0x636/0xaa0
   ksys_ioctl+0x67/0x90
   __x64_sys_ioctl+0x43/0x50
   do_syscall_64+0x79/0xe0
   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
  ---[ end trace 166c865cec7688e7 ]---

[CAUSE]
The error number -27 is -EFBIG, returned from the following call chain:
btrfs_end_transaction()
|- __btrfs_end_transaction()
   |- btrfs_create_pending_block_groups()
      |- btrfs_finish_chunk_alloc()
         |- btrfs_add_system_chunk()

This happens because we have used up all space of
btrfs_super_block::sys_chunk_array.

The root cause is, we have the following bad loop of creating tons of
system chunks:

1. The only SYSTEM chunk is being scrubbed
   It's very common to have only one SYSTEM chunk.
2. New SYSTEM bg will be allocated
   As btrfs_inc_block_group_ro() will check if we have enough space
   after marking current bg RO. If not, then allocate a new chunk.
3. New SYSTEM bg is still empty, will be reclaimed
   During the reclaim, we will mark it RO again.
4. That newly allocated empty SYSTEM bg get scrubbed
   We go back to step 2, as the bg is already mark RO but still not
   cleaned up yet.

If the cleaner kthread doesn't get executed fast enough (e.g. only one
CPU), then we will get more and more empty SYSTEM chunks, using up all
the space of btrfs_super_block::sys_chunk_array.

[FIX]
Since scrub/dev-replace doesn't always need to allocate new extent,
especially chunk tree extent, so we don't really need to do chunk
pre-allocation.

To break above spiral, here we introduce a new parameter to
btrfs_inc_block_group(), @do_chunk_alloc, which indicates whether we
need extra chunk pre-allocation.

For relocation, we pass @do_chunk_alloc=true, while for scrub, we pass
@do_chunk_alloc=false.
This should keep unnecessary empty chunks from popping up for scrub.

Also, since there are two parameters for btrfs_inc_block_group_ro(),
add more comment for it.

Reviewed-by: Filipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Qu Wenruo <wqu@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>

fs/btrfs/block-group.c

@@ -2017,8 +2017,17 @@ static u64 update_block_group_flags(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 flags)
 	return flags;
 }
 
-int btrfs_inc_block_group_ro(struct btrfs_block_group *cache)
-
+/*
+ * Mark one block group RO, can be called several times for the same block
+ * group.
+ *
+ * @cache:		the destination block group
+ * @do_chunk_alloc:	whether need to do chunk pre-allocation, this is to
+ * 			ensure we still have some free space after marking this
+ * 			block group RO.
+ */
+int btrfs_inc_block_group_ro(struct btrfs_block_group *cache,
+			     bool do_chunk_alloc)
 {
 	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = cache->fs_info;
 	struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans;
@@ -2048,25 +2057,29 @@ int btrfs_inc_block_group_ro(struct btrfs_block_group *cache)
 		goto again;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * if we are changing raid levels, try to allocate a corresponding
-	 * block group with the new raid level.
-	 */
-	alloc_flags = update_block_group_flags(fs_info, cache->flags);
-	if (alloc_flags != cache->flags) {
-		ret = btrfs_chunk_alloc(trans, alloc_flags, CHUNK_ALLOC_FORCE);
+	if (do_chunk_alloc) {
 		/*
-		 * ENOSPC is allowed here, we may have enough space
-		 * already allocated at the new raid level to
-		 * carry on
+		 * If we are changing raid levels, try to allocate a
+		 * corresponding block group with the new raid level.
 		 */
-		if (ret == -ENOSPC)
-			ret = 0;
-		if (ret < 0)
-			goto out;
+		alloc_flags = update_block_group_flags(fs_info, cache->flags);
+		if (alloc_flags != cache->flags) {
+			ret = btrfs_chunk_alloc(trans, alloc_flags,
+						CHUNK_ALLOC_FORCE);
+			/*
+			 * ENOSPC is allowed here, we may have enough space
+			 * already allocated at the new raid level to carry on
+			 */
+			if (ret == -ENOSPC)
+				ret = 0;
+			if (ret < 0)
+				goto out;
+		}
 	}
 
-	ret = inc_block_group_ro(cache, 0);
+	ret = inc_block_group_ro(cache, !do_chunk_alloc);
+	if (!do_chunk_alloc)
+		goto unlock_out;
 	if (!ret)
 		goto out;
 	alloc_flags = btrfs_get_alloc_profile(fs_info, cache->space_info->flags);
@@ -2081,6 +2094,7 @@ int btrfs_inc_block_group_ro(struct btrfs_block_group *cache)
 		check_system_chunk(trans, alloc_flags);
 		mutex_unlock(&fs_info->chunk_mutex);
 	}
+unlock_out:
 	mutex_unlock(&fs_info->ro_block_group_mutex);
 
 	btrfs_end_transaction(trans);

fs/btrfs/block-group.h

@@ -206,7 +206,8 @@ int btrfs_read_block_groups(struct btrfs_fs_info *info);
 int btrfs_make_block_group(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans, u64 bytes_used,
 			   u64 type, u64 chunk_offset, u64 size);
 void btrfs_create_pending_block_groups(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans);
-int btrfs_inc_block_group_ro(struct btrfs_block_group *cache);
+int btrfs_inc_block_group_ro(struct btrfs_block_group *cache,
+			     bool do_chunk_alloc);
 void btrfs_dec_block_group_ro(struct btrfs_block_group *cache);
 int btrfs_start_dirty_block_groups(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans);
 int btrfs_write_dirty_block_groups(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans);

fs/btrfs/relocation.c

@@ -4325,7 +4325,7 @@ int btrfs_relocate_block_group(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 group_start)
 	rc->extent_root = extent_root;
 	rc->block_group = bg;
 
-	ret = btrfs_inc_block_group_ro(rc->block_group);
+	ret = btrfs_inc_block_group_ro(rc->block_group, true);
 	if (ret) {
 		err = ret;
 		goto out;

fs/btrfs/scrub.c

@@ -3559,7 +3559,26 @@ int scrub_enumerate_chunks(struct scrub_ctx *sctx,
 		 * -> btrfs_scrub_pause()
 		 */
 		scrub_pause_on(fs_info);
-		ret = btrfs_inc_block_group_ro(cache);
+
+		/*
+		 * Don't do chunk preallocation for scrub.
+		 *
+		 * This is especially important for SYSTEM bgs, or we can hit
+		 * -EFBIG from btrfs_finish_chunk_alloc() like:
+		 * 1. The only SYSTEM bg is marked RO.
+		 *    Since SYSTEM bg is small, that's pretty common.
+		 * 2. New SYSTEM bg will be allocated
+		 *    Due to regular version will allocate new chunk.
+		 * 3. New SYSTEM bg is empty and will get cleaned up
+		 *    Before cleanup really happens, it's marked RO again.
+		 * 4. Empty SYSTEM bg get scrubbed
+		 *    We go back to 2.
+		 *
+		 * This can easily boost the amount of SYSTEM chunks if cleaner
+		 * thread can't be triggered fast enough, and use up all space
+		 * of btrfs_super_block::sys_chunk_array
+		 */
+		ret = btrfs_inc_block_group_ro(cache, false);
 		if (!ret && sctx->is_dev_replace) {
 			/*
 			 * If we are doing a device replace wait for any tasks