Support gRPC richer error model (#1436)

* First pass at supporting richer error model in Dapr .NET SDK

Signed-off-by: jev-e <jev@jev.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: jev <jacob@jev.org.uk>

* Add ExtendedErrorDetailFactory, move to seperate files / new folder, add test file.

Signed-off-by: jev <jacob@jev.org.uk>

* Flesh out + rename tests file, tidy more comments.

Signed-off-by: jev <jacob@jev.org.uk>

* Add metadata to ErrorInfo details, add tests for each details type, multiple details

Signed-off-by: jev jacob@jev.org.uk
Signed-off-by: jev <jacob@jev.org.uk>

* Tidy up comments, add copyright to file.

Signed-off-by: jev jacob@jev.org.uk
Signed-off-by: jev <jacob@jev.org.uk>

* add and use constants, more docs tidy up.

Signed-off-by: jev jacob@jev.org.uk
Signed-off-by: jev <jacob@jev.org.uk>

* add initial docs pages for error handling in .net sdk.

Signed-off-by: jev jacob@jev.org.uk
Signed-off-by: jev <jacob@jev.org.uk>

* write daprdocs detailing usage of extendedErrorInfo, rename vars

signed-off-by: jev jacob@jev.org.uk
Signed-off-by: jev <jacob@jev.org.uk>

* Address PR comments

Signed-off-by: jev <jacob@jev.org.uk>

* pr comment; adjust weight

Signed-off-by: jev <jacob@jev.org.uk>

---------

Signed-off-by: jev-e <jev@jev.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: jev <jacob@jev.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: jev jacob@jev.org.uk

daprdocs/content/en/dotnet-sdk-docs/dotnet-error-handling/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+type: docs
+title: "Error Handling in the Dapr .NET SDK"
+linkTitle: "Error handling"
+weight: 90000
+description: Learn about error handling in the Dapr.NET SDK.
+---

daprdocs/content/en/dotnet-sdk-docs/dotnet-error-handling/dotnet-richer-error-model.md

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+---
+type: docs
+title: "Richer Error Model in the Dapr .NET SDK"
+linkTitle: "Richer error model"
+weight: 59000
+description: Learn how to use the richer error model in the .NET SDK.
+---
+
+The Dapr .NET SDK supports the richer error model, implemented by the Dapr runtime. This model provides a way for applications to enrich their errors with added context,
+allowing consumers of the application to better understand the issue and resolve faster. You can read more about the richer error model [here](https://google.aip.dev/193), and you
+can find the Dapr proto file implementing these errors [here](https://github.com/googleapis/googleapis/blob/master/google/rpc/error_details.proto").
+
+The Dapr .NET SDK implements all details supported by the Dapr runtime, implemented in the `Dapr.Common.Exceptions` namespace, and is accessible through
+the `DaprException` extension method `TryGetExtendedErrorInfo`. Currently this detail extraction is only supported for 
+`RpcException`'s where the details are present.
+
+```csharp
+// Example usage of ExtendedErrorInfo
+
+try
+{
+    // Perform some action with the Dapr client that throws a DaprException.
+}
+catch (DaprException daprEx)
+{
+    if (daprEx.TryGetExtendedErrorInfo(out DaprExtendedErrorInfo errorInfo)
+    {
+        Console.WriteLine(errorInfo.Code);
+        Console.WriteLine(errorInfo.Message);
+
+        foreach (DaprExtendedErrorDetail detail in errorInfo.Details)
+        {
+            Console.WriteLine(detail.ErrorType);
+            switch (detail.ErrorType)
+                case ExtendedErrorType.ErrorInfo:
+                    Console.WriteLine(detail.Reason);
+                    Console.WriteLine(detail.Domain);
+                default:
+                    Console.WriteLine(detail.TypeUrl);
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## DaprExtendedErrorInfo
+
+Contains `Code` (the status code) and `Message` (the error message) associated with the error, parsed from an inner `RpcException`.
+Also contains a collection of `DaprExtendedErrorDetails` parsed from the details in the exception.
+
+## DaprExtendedErrorDetail
+
+All details implement the abstract `DaprExtendedErrorDetail` and have an associated `DaprExtendedErrorType`.
+
+1. [RetryInfo](#retryinfo)
+
+2. [DebugInfo](#debuginfo)
+
+3. [QuotaFailure](#quotafailure)
+
+4. [PreconditionFailure](#preconditionfailure)
+
+5. [RequestInfo](#requestinfo)
+
+6. [LocalizedMessage](#localizedmessage)
+
+7. [BadRequest](#badrequest)
+
+8. [ErrorInfo](#errorinfo)
+
+9. [Help](#help)
+
+10. [ResourceInfo](#resourceinfo)
+
+11. [Unknown](#unknown)
+
+## RetryInfo
+
+Information telling the client how long to wait before they should retry. Provides a `DaprRetryDelay` with the properties 
+`Second` (offset in seconds) and `Nano` (offset in nanoseconds).
+
+## DebugInfo
+
+Debugging information offered by the server. Contains `StackEntries` (a collection of strings containing the stack trace), and 
+`Detail` (further debugging information).
+
+## QuotaFailure 
+
+Information relating to some quota that may have been reached, such as a daily usage limit on an API. It has one property `Violations`, 
+a collection of `DaprQuotaFailureViolation`, which each contain a `Subject` (the subject of the request) and `Description` (further information regarding the failure).
+
+## PreconditionFailure
+
+Information informing the client that some required precondition was not met. Has one property `Violations`, a collection of 
+`DaprPreconditionFailureViolation`, which each has `Subject` (subject where the precondition failure occured e.g. "Azure"), `Type` (representation of the precondition type e.g. "TermsOfService"), and `Description` (further description e.g. "ToS must be accepted.").
+
+## RequestInfo
+
+Information returned by the server that can be used by the server to identify the clients request. Contains
+`RequestId` and `ServingData` properties, `RequestId` being some string (such as a UID) the server can interpret,
+and `ServingData` being some arbitrary data that made up part of the request.
+
+## LocalizedMessage
+
+Contains a localized message, along with the locale of the message. Contains `Locale` (the locale e.g. "en-US") and `Message` (the localized message).
+
+## BadRequest
+
+Describes a bad request field. Contains collection of `DaprBadRequestDetailFieldViolation`, which each has `Field` (the offending field in request e.g. 'first_name') and
+`Description` (further information detailing the reason e.g. "first_name cannot contain special characters").
+
+## ErrorInfo
+
+Details the cause of an error. Contains three properties, `Reason` (the reason for the error, which should take the form of UPPER_SNAKE_CASE e.g. DAPR_INVALID_KEY),
+`Domain` (domain the error belongs to e.g. 'dapr.io'), and `Metadata`, a key value based collection of futher information.
+
+## Help
+
+Provides resources for the client to perform further research into the issue. Contains a collection of `DaprHelpDetailLink`,
+which provides `Url` (a url to help or documentation), and `Description` (a description of what the link provides).
+
+## ResourceInfo
+
+Provides information relating to an accessed resource. Provides three properties `ResourceType` (type of the resource being access e.g. "Azure service bus"), 
+`ResourceName` (The name of the resource e.g. "my-configured-service-bus"), `Owner` (the owner of the resource e.g. "subscriptionowner@dapr.io"),
+and `Description` (further information on the resource relating to the error e.g. "missing permissions to use this resource").
+
+## Unknown
+
+Returned when the detail type url cannot be mapped to the correct `DaprExtendedErrorDetail` implementation.
+Provides one property `TypeUrl` (the type url that could not be parsed e.g. "type.googleapis.com/Google.rpc.UnrecognizedType").
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+

src/Dapr.Common/Dapr.Common.csproj

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
     </PropertyGroup>
 
     <ItemGroup>
+        <PackageReference Include="Google.Api.CommonProtos" />
         <PackageReference Include="Grpc.Net.Client" />
         <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Http" />
         <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration" />

src/Dapr.Common/Exceptions/DaprExceptionExtensions.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Copyright 2024 The Dapr Authors
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
+using Grpc.Core;
+
+namespace Dapr.Common.Exceptions
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Provides extension methods for <see cref="DaprException"/>.
+    /// </summary>
+    public static class DaprExceptionExtensions
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Attempt to retrieve <see cref="DaprExtendedErrorInfo"/> from <see cref="DaprException"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="exception">A Dapr exception. <see cref="DaprException"/>.</param>
+        /// <param name="daprExtendedErrorInfo"><see cref="DaprExtendedErrorInfo"/> out if parsable from inner exception, null otherwise.</param>
+        /// <returns>True if extended info is available, false otherwise.</returns>
+        public static bool TryGetExtendedErrorInfo(this DaprException exception, [NotNullWhen(true)] out DaprExtendedErrorInfo? daprExtendedErrorInfo)
+        {
+            daprExtendedErrorInfo = null;
+            if (exception.InnerException is not RpcException rpcException)
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            var metadata = rpcException.Trailers.Get(DaprExtendedErrorConstants.GrpcDetails);
+
+            if (metadata is null)
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            var status = Google.Rpc.Status.Parser.ParseFrom(metadata.ValueBytes);
+
+            daprExtendedErrorInfo = new DaprExtendedErrorInfo(status.Code, status.Message)
+            {
+                Details = status.Details.Select(detail => ExtendedErrorDetailFactory.CreateErrorDetail(detail)).ToArray(),
+            };
+
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Dapr.Common/Exceptions/DaprExtendedErrorConstants.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Copyright 2024 The Dapr Authors
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+namespace Dapr.Common.Exceptions
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Definitions of expected types to be returned from the Dapr runtime.
+    /// </summary>
+    internal static class DaprExtendedErrorConstants
+    {
+        public const string ErrorDetailTypeUrl = "type.googleapis.com/";
+        public const string GrpcDetails = "grpc-status-details-bin";
+        public const string ErrorInfo = $"{ErrorDetailTypeUrl}Google.rpc.ErrorInfo";
+        public const string RetryInfo = $"{ErrorDetailTypeUrl}Google.rpc.RetryInfo";
+        public const string DebugInfo = $"{ErrorDetailTypeUrl}Google.rpc.DebugInfo";
+        public const string QuotaFailure = $"{ErrorDetailTypeUrl}Google.rpc.QuotaFailure";
+        public const string PreconditionFailure = $"{ErrorDetailTypeUrl}Google.rpc.PreconditionFailure";
+        public const string BadRequest = $"{ErrorDetailTypeUrl}Google.rpc.BadRequest";
+        public const string RequestInfo = $"{ErrorDetailTypeUrl}Google.rpc.RequestInfo";
+        public const string ResourceInfo = $"{ErrorDetailTypeUrl}Google.rpc.ResourceInfo";
+        public const string Help = $"{ErrorDetailTypeUrl}Google.rpc.Help";
+        public const string LocalizedMessage = $"{ErrorDetailTypeUrl}Google.rpc.LocalizedMessage";
+    }
+}