allow mixed -type comparisons

[ev-br]

Somewhat similar to #51 (I've still no idea how to open an enhancement request against the standard itself).
The difference to #51 is that one can argue that int/int division is float; for comparisons however the limitation to matching dtypes serves no obvious purpose.

In [1]: import array_api_strict as xp

In [2]: xp.arange(5) < 3.0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[2], line 1
----> 1 xp.arange(5) < 3.0

File ~/miniforge3/envs/scipy-dev/lib/python3.12/site-packages/array_api_strict/_array_object.py:717, in Array.__lt__(self, other)
    713 def __lt__(self: Array, other: Union[int, float, Array], /) -> Array:
    714     """
    715     Performs the operation __lt__.
    716     """
--> 717     other = self._check_allowed_dtypes(other, "real numeric", "__lt__")
    718     if other is NotImplemented:
    719         return other

File ~/miniforge3/envs/scipy-dev/lib/python3.12/site-packages/array_api_strict/_array_object.py:169, in Array._check_allowed_dtypes(self, other, dtype_category, op)
    167     raise TypeError(f"Only {dtype_category} dtypes are allowed in {op}")
    168 if isinstance(other, (int, complex, float, bool)):
--> 169     other = self._promote_scalar(other)
    170 elif isinstance(other, Array):
    171     if other.dtype not in _dtype_categories[dtype_category]:

File ~/miniforge3/envs/scipy-dev/lib/python3.12/site-packages/array_api_strict/_array_object.py:229, in Array._promote_scalar(self, scalar)
    227 elif isinstance(scalar, float):
    228     if self.dtype not in _floating_dtypes:
--> 229         raise TypeError(
    230             "Python float scalars can only be promoted with floating-point arrays."
    231         )
    232 elif isinstance(scalar, complex):
    233     if self.dtype not in _complex_floating_dtypes:

TypeError: Python float scalars can only be promoted with floating-point arrays.

[asmeurer]

I've still no idea how to open an enhancement request against the standard itself

Issues for the standard itself should be opened at https://github.com/data-apis/array-api

for comparisons however the limitation to matching dtypes serves no obvious purpose.

FWIW, I agree with you. I brought this up at data-apis/array-api#819, and it was discussed at the consortium meetings, but the consensus there was that this should remain undefined data-apis/array-api#822 (which means the strict library will raise an error on it). Feel free to voice your concerns about this on that issue.

[asmeurer]

Also XREF #50 #53 #54