[Class] Cache the IntPtr constructors in a dictionary. (#5016)

Using reflection to find these constructors is computation-intensitive, so
cache the results.

Numbers
=======

Test case: rolfbjarne/TestApp@004283d

Fix 1 refers to PR #5009.
Fix 2 refers to PR #5013.
Fix 3 is this fix.

iPad Air 2
----------

| Configuration       | Before | After fix 1 | After fix 2  | After fix 3  | Improvement from fix 2 to fix 3 | Cumulative improvement |
| ------------------- | ------ | ----------: | -----------: | -----------: | ------------------------------: | ---------------------: |
| Release (link all)  | 477 ms |      481 ms |       224 ms |       172 ms |                     52 ms (23%) |           305 ms (64%) |
| Release (dont link) | 738 ms |      656 ms |       377 ms |       201 ms |                    176 ms (47%) |           537 ms (73%) |

iPhone X
--------

| Configuration       | Before | After fix 1 | After fix 2  | After fix 3  | Improvement from fix 2 to fix 3 | Cumulative improvement |
| ------------------- | ------ | ----------: | -----------: | -----------: | ------------------------------: | ---------------------: |
| Release (link all)  |  98 ms |       99 ms |        42 ms |        31 ms |                     11 ms (26%) |            67 ms (68%) |
| Release (dont link) | 197 ms |      153 ms |        91 ms |        43 ms |                     48 ms (53%) |           154 ms (78%) |

When linking all assemblies, the type map has 24 entries, and when not linking
at all it has 2993 entries.

This is part 3 of multiple fixes for #4936.

src/ObjCRuntime/Runtime.cs

@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ public partial class Runtime {
 #endif
 
 		static Dictionary<IntPtrTypeValueTuple,Delegate> block_to_delegate_cache;
+		static Dictionary<Type, ConstructorInfo> intptr_ctor_cache;
+		static Dictionary<Type, ConstructorInfo> intptr_bool_ctor_cache;
 
 		static List <object> delegates;
 		static List <Assembly> assemblies;
@@ -239,6 +241,8 @@ unsafe static void Initialize (InitializationOptions* options)
 			Runtime.options = options;
 			delegates = new List<object> ();
 			object_map = new Dictionary <IntPtr, WeakReference> (IntPtrEqualityComparer);
+			intptr_ctor_cache = new Dictionary<Type, ConstructorInfo> (TypeEqualityComparer);
+			intptr_bool_ctor_cache = new Dictionary<Type, ConstructorInfo> (TypeEqualityComparer);
 			lock_obj = new object ();
 
 			NSObjectClass = NSObject.Initialize ();
@@ -1152,22 +1156,36 @@ static T ConstructINativeObject<T> (IntPtr ptr, bool owns, Type type, MissingCto
 
 		static ConstructorInfo GetIntPtrConstructor (Type type)
 		{
+			lock (intptr_ctor_cache) {
+				if (intptr_ctor_cache.TryGetValue (type, out var rv))
+					return rv;
+			}
 			var ctors = type.GetConstructors (BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic);
 			for (int i = 0; i < ctors.Length; ++i) {
 				var param = ctors[i].GetParameters ();
-				if (param.Length == 1 && param [0].ParameterType == typeof (IntPtr))
+				if (param.Length == 1 && param [0].ParameterType == typeof (IntPtr)) {
+					lock (intptr_ctor_cache)
+						intptr_ctor_cache [type] = ctors [i];
 					return ctors [i];
+				}
 			}
 			return null;
 		}
 
 		static ConstructorInfo GetIntPtr_BoolConstructor (Type type)
 		{
+			lock (intptr_bool_ctor_cache) {
+				if (intptr_bool_ctor_cache.TryGetValue (type, out var rv))
+					return rv;
+			}
 			var ctors = type.GetConstructors (BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic);
 			for (int i = 0; i < ctors.Length; ++i) {
 				var param = ctors[i].GetParameters ();
-				if (param.Length == 2 && param [0].ParameterType == typeof (IntPtr) && param [1].ParameterType == typeof (bool))
+				if (param.Length == 2 && param [0].ParameterType == typeof (IntPtr) && param [1].ParameterType == typeof (bool)) {
+					lock (intptr_bool_ctor_cache)
+						intptr_bool_ctor_cache [type] = ctors [i];
 					return ctors [i];
+				}
 			}
 			return null;
 		}