Cherry-pick #21883 to 7.x: Use local temp instead of system one

[michalpristas]

Cherry-pick of PR #21883 to 7.x branch. Original message:

What does this PR do?

Using system temp dir might result sometimes in cross-device linking. This should make it ok.

Why is it important?

Fixes: #21860

Checklist

• My code follows the style guidelines of this project
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• I have made corresponding changes to the documentation
• I have made corresponding change to the default configuration files
• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works
• I have added an entry in CHANGELOG.next.asciidoc or CHANGELOG-developer.next.asciidoc.

[elasticmachine]

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Build stats

• Build Cause: [Pull request #21905 updated]

• Start Time: 2020-10-21T10:53:36.829+0000

• Duration: 39 min 50 sec

Test stats 🧪

Test	Results
Failed	0
Passed	1394
Skipped	4
Total	1398

[blakerouse]

Backport looks good.