[Fix]: Adding address inside the square brackets

[nakul-py]

• This PR fixes the issue where IPv6 addresses with ports were not being correctly parsed due to an incorrect handling of colons.
• The fix ensures that the address is wrapped in square brackets and the port is properly separated.

- Fixes #562

[ErikPelli]

This is not the function that needs to be changed to fix the issue.
The problem is related to the request, in the reported issues linked in #562.
Here you are changing stripPort(), which is used only to extract the hostname for the certificate generation / cache retrieval.
If you find the correct solution, you can open another pull request. Closing this one.