Use pattern matching for config schema

[eivindjahren]

Use pattern matching now that we no longer support python 3.9

• PR title captures the intent of the changes, and is fitting for release notes.
• Added appropriate release note label
• Commit history is consistent and clean, in line with the contribution guidelines.
• Make sure unit tests pass locally after every commit (git rebase -i main --exec 'pytest tests/ert/unit_tests -n logical -m "not integration_test"')

When applicable

• When there are user facing changes: Updated documentation
• New behavior or changes to existing untested code: Ensured that unit tests are added (See Ground Rules).
• Large PR: Prepare changes in small commits for more convenient review
• Bug fix: Add regression test for the bug
• Bug fix: Create Backport PR to latest release

[berland]

This change will make it slightly more awkward to backport any future critical bugfix into the 3.8 code.

[eivindjahren]

This change will make it slightly more awkward to backport any future critical bugfix into the 3.8 code.

Yes, we talked a bit about this at the office. We can discuss it after lunch and decide what to do then.

[eivindjahren]

We will just wait until backporting python 3.8 fixes is less urgent.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 94.93671% with 4 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 91.83%. Comparing base (ad786d8) to head (922e5f2).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/ert/config/parsing/config_schema_item.py	97.10%	2 Missing ⚠️
src/ert/config/parsing/schema_dict.py	80.00%	2 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #9238       +/-   ##
===========================================
+ Coverage   34.73%   91.83%   +57.09%     
===========================================
  Files         431      434        +3     
  Lines       26714    26765       +51     
===========================================
+ Hits         9279    24579    +15300     
+ Misses      17435     2186    -15249     

Flag	Coverage Δ
cli-tests	39.37% <69.62%> (?)
everest-models-test	34.73% <48.10%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
gui-tests	72.12% <64.55%> (?)
integration-test	36.98% <46.83%> (?)
performance-tests	51.91% <56.96%> (?)
test	40.67% <46.83%> (?)
unit-tests	74.03% <94.93%> (?)

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[andreas-el]

💯