Flameplot - Comparison of (high) dimensional embeddings.

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Also checkout The Similarity between t-SNE, UMAP, PCA, and Other Mappings to get a structured overview and usage of flameplot.

Method

To compare the embedding of samples in two different maps, we propose a scale dependent similarity measure. For a pair of maps X and Y, we compare the sets of the, respectively, kx and ky nearest neighbours of each sample. We first define the variable rxij as the rank of the distance of sample j among all samples with respect to sample i, in map X. The nearest neighbor of sample i will have rank 1, the second nearest neighbor rank 2, etc. Analogously, ryij is the rank of sample j with respect to sample i in map Y. Now we define a score on the interval [0, 1], as (eq. 1)

where the variable n is the total number of samples, and the indicator function is given by (eq. 2)

The score sx,y(kx, ky) will have value 1 if, for each sample, all kx nearest neighbours in map X are also the ky nearest neighbours in map Y, or vice versa. Note that a local neighborhood of samples can be set on the minimum number of samples in the class. Alternatively, kxy can be also set on the average class size.

Schematic overview

Schematic overview to systematically compare local and global differences between two sample projections. For illustration we compare two input maps (x and y) in which each map contains n samples (step 1). The second step is the ranking of samples based on Euclidean distance. The ranks of map x are subsequently compared to the ranks of map y for kx and ky nearest neighbours (step 3). The overlap between ranks (step 4), is subsequently summarized in Score: Sx,y(kx,ky).

Functions in flameplot

scores = flameplot.compare(map1, map2)
fig    = flameplot.plot(scores)
X,y    = flameplot.import_example()
fig    = flameplot.scatter(Xcoord,Ycoord)

Install flameplot from PyPI

pip install flameplot

Import flameplot package

import flameplot as flameplot

Documentation pages

On the documentation pages you can find detailed information about the working of the flameplot with examples.

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Examples

• Example: Comparison between two maps follow the quantification of local similarity approach.

• Example: Comparison 2D embeddings: PCA vs tSNE

• Example: Comparison Random data vs. t-SNE

• Example: Scatterplots

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Support

This project needs some love! ❤️ You can help in various ways.

* Become a Sponsor!
* Star this repo at the github page.
* Other contributions can be in the form of feature requests, idea discussions, reporting bugs, opening pull requests.
* Read more why becoming an sponsor is important on the Sponsor Github Page.

Cheers Mate.

References

• Taskesen, E. et al. Pan-cancer subtyping in a 2D-map shows substructures that are driven by specific combinations of molecular characteristics. Sci. Rep. 6, 24949
• https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1038%2Fsrep24949/MediaObjects/41598_2016_BFsrep24949_MOESM12_ESM.pdf
• https://www.nature.com/articles/srep24949