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Update Gas and Fees, Blocks and Transactions pages #3509

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Added Block Size and Base Fee sections
minimalsm Jul 30, 2021
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Wording on gas page: London upgrade to london update
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Update src/content/developers/docs/gas/index.md
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4 changes: 3 additions & 1 deletion src/content/developers/docs/blocks/index.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -46,6 +46,8 @@ Proof of work means the following:

- Timestamp – the time when the block was mined.
- Block number – the length of the blockchain in blocks.
- Base Fee Per Gas - the fee per gas required for a transaction to be included in the block.
- Burnt Fees - the amount of ETH from base fees burnt by the block.
- Difficulty – the effort required to mine the block.
- mixHash – a unique identifier for that block.
- A parent hash – the unique identifier for the block that came before (this is how blocks are linked in a chain).
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Expand All @@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ Proof of work means the following:

## Block size {#block-size}

A final important note is that blocks themselves are bounded in size. Each block has a block gas limit which is set by the network and the miners collectively: the total amount of gas expended by all transactions in the block must be less than the block gas limit. This is important because it ensures that blocks can’t be arbitrarily large. If blocks could be arbitrarily large, then less performant full nodes would gradually stop being able to keep up with the network due to space and speed requirements. The block gas limit at block 0 was initialized to 5,000; any miner who mines a new block can alter the gas limit by up to about 0.1% in either direction from the parent block gas limit. The gas limit as of April 2021 currently hovers around 15,000,000.
A final important note is that, as of with [the London update](/history/#london), blocks themselves are no longer bounded in size. Each block has a target size of 15 million gas but the size of blocks will increase or decrease in accordance with network demands, up until the block limit of 30 milion gas (2x target block size). The total amount of gas expended by all transactions in the block must be less than the block gas limit. This is important because it ensures that blocks can’t be arbitrarily large. If blocks could be arbitrarily large, then less performant full nodes would gradually stop being able to keep up with the network due to space and speed requirements.
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blocks themselves are no longer bounded in size.

We subsequently state that the block limit is 30 million... would consider the following:

Suggested change
A final important note is that, as of with [the London update](/history/#london), blocks themselves are no longer bounded in size. Each block has a target size of 15 million gas but the size of blocks will increase or decrease in accordance with network demands, up until the block limit of 30 milion gas (2x target block size). The total amount of gas expended by all transactions in the block must be less than the block gas limit. This is important because it ensures that blocks can’t be arbitrarily large. If blocks could be arbitrarily large, then less performant full nodes would gradually stop being able to keep up with the network due to space and speed requirements.
A final important note is that, as of [the London update](/history/#london), blocks themselves are more flexible in size. Each block has a target size of 15 million gas but the size of blocks will increase or decrease in accordance with network demands, up until the block limit of 30 million gas (2x target block size). The total amount of gas expended by all transactions in the block must be less than the block gas limit. This is important because it ensures that blocks can’t be arbitrarily large. If blocks could be arbitrarily large, then less performant full nodes would gradually stop being able to keep up with the network due to space and speed requirements.

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Do we have a resource stating the new block capacity would be 30 million? I had been under the impression it was 25 million, but given current limit is now 15 million I wasn't sure... Didn't see anything specifying this in the EIP-1559 spec, and a cursory search online gave a mix of answers.

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Yup this confused me too so I double checked with Trent. 30 million is correct.

When 1559 is activated, the gasLimit of blocks will double (e.g. 15m to 30m), so “50% full” blocks post-1559 are equivalent to 100% full blocks pre-1559.

Source: https://hackmd.io/@q8X_WM2nTfu6nuvAzqXiTQ/1559-wallets

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A few clarifications:

  • Blocks are still bounded in size, but at the fork block the block gas limit will double;
  • After that blocks, miners can still raise/lower the gas limit;
  • Blocks will, on average, only be 50% full. When they are >50% full, the baseFeePerGas increases until they are 50% full again, and similarly, if they are <50% full, the baseFeePerGas will decrease until there is sufficient demand (or it reaches its minimum value);
  • In times of high demand (think a new ICO/NFT drop/huge ETH price volatility), it is expected that blocks will be 100% full (e.g. 30m gas), which allows this increase in demand to be processed quicker.


## Further reading {#further-reading}

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