Add test case for Provider.provider type propagation #1143

Job	Run time
Run tests with coverage	3m 6s
Run tests on legacy versions (3.7)	2m 17s
Run tests with different pydantic versions	3m 48s
Run linters (flake8)	1m 55s
Run linters (pydocstyle)	1m 53s
Run tests (3.8)	2m 17s
Run linters (mypy)	2m 4s
Run tests (3.9)	2m 12s
Run linters (pylint)	2m 4s
Run tests (3.10)	2m 5s
Run tests (3.11)	2m 15s
Run tests (3.12)	2m 19s
Run tests (3.13)	2m 24s
	30m 39s

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