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| --- | ||
| id: compared_to_buck1 | ||
| title: Benefits When Compared to Buck1 | ||
| --- | ||
|
|
||
| <FbInternalOnly> | ||
|
|
||
| For reports from real users, see the [Testimonials](testimonials.fb.md), which | ||
| include Workplace posts and their full context. | ||
|
|
||
| </FbInternalOnly> | ||
|
|
||
| ## Benefits for end users | ||
|
|
||
| > _"`buck2 build SOME_TARGET_I_ALREADY_BUILT_BEFORE` is basically instantaneous | ||
| > and is a super delightful experience. 🙂"_ - End user experience | ||
| > <FbInternalOnly> | ||
| > ([source](https://fb.prod.workplace.com/groups/buck2users/posts/3030704467185914))</FbInternalOnly> | ||
| > _"Buck2 is largely faster and more memory efficient than buck1, and where I’ve | ||
| > seen counter-examples, the buck2 team quickly optimizes and fixes that.🙂"_ - | ||
| > Software Engineer feedback<FbInternalOnly> | ||
| > ([source](https://fb.prod.workplace.com/groups/devx.ci.bffs/posts/616830502778501))</FbInternalOnly> | ||
| For people who use Buck on a daily basis (such as using Buck build as part of | ||
| their development inner loop), switching to Buck2 provides the following | ||
| benefits: | ||
|
|
||
| - **Performance** - the performance of Buck2 is better in four ways: | ||
| - **_Fast things are fast_** - in Buck1, simply typing `buck build` when there | ||
| is nothing to do can be expensive (23 seconds in some benchmarks). In Buck2, | ||
| the same build action takes 0.1 seconds. Actions that should be fast are | ||
| fast, which enables developers to use Buck more freely, without trying to | ||
| work around the build system. | ||
| - **_Slow things are faster_** - when there is real work to do, Buck2 is | ||
| significantly closer to the critical path. Benchmarks range from 5%/10s | ||
| faster for changing a header file (lots of parallel C++ computations, Buck1 | ||
| already nearly at the critical path) to 42%/145s faster (changing a Thrift | ||
| file in a large project). | ||
| - **_Users contribute to the shared cache_** - with Buck1, only trusted CI | ||
| builds write to the network cache, while with Buck2 everyone writes to the | ||
| cache through sandboxed remote execution. This increases the chance of cache | ||
| hits, saving capacity and time. | ||
| - **_CI builds go faster_** - these numbers vary day by day, but most projects | ||
| are 2-4x faster. This means spending less time waiting for CI and saving | ||
| some capacity at the same time. | ||
| - **Correctness** - in Buck2, rules are hermetic by default. Missing | ||
| dependencies are errors. These restrictions apply to both the user-written | ||
| `BUCK` files and the language rules. | ||
| - During the process of migrating to Buck2, a huge number of missing | ||
| dependencies have been fixed. However, during the same process, several | ||
| Buck1 issues were identified that are not going to be fixed in Buck1 (such | ||
| as missing headers, genrules without dependencies, and OCaml rules don’t | ||
| track all deps). The end result is that Buck2 gives the right answer more | ||
| often, cutting down on user surprises. | ||
| - **Rule features** - the rules in Buck2, especially for less commonly used | ||
| languages (such as Haskell, OCaml, and Rust) support features above and beyond | ||
| those in Buck1. | ||
| - Examples: dependencies can be given as arguments to | ||
| `prebuilt_ocaml_library`, Haskell enables the use of stub headers from C++, | ||
| and Rust has experimental pipelining support. | ||
| - **Actively developed** - the Meta build team is putting all its efforts behind | ||
| Buck2; it's vastly easier to develop than Buck1. While Buck2 is already ahead | ||
| of Buck1 in many important aspects, the difference is only going to grow with | ||
| several improvements in the pipeline. | ||
| - **Support** - Meta can provide much better support to those having | ||
| difficulties with Buck2 than to those using Buck1. | ||
|
|
||
| ## Benefits for Rule Authors | ||
|
|
||
| If you write language-specific rules, then Buck2 is in a different league to | ||
| Buck1. | ||
|
|
||
| > _"This is all rather fun! Buck2 rules are so much more hackable than | ||
| > Buck1."_ - Software Engineer feedback <FbInternalOnly> | ||
| > ([source](https://fb.prod.workplace.com/groups/333784157210625/posts/928214407767594))</FbInternalOnly> | ||
| There are a number of reasons why Buck2 excels for Rule Authors: | ||
|
|
||
| - **Faster developer cycle** - in Buck1, the time from changing a rule to seeing | ||
| the impact is many minutes: you first have to compile Buck1, invalidate the | ||
| dependency cache (and so on), and perhaps work between multiple OSs. With | ||
| Buck2, it takes seconds, you don’t even need to restart the daemon. | ||
| - **Simple API** - Buck2 rules use a small and documented Starlark API, which is | ||
| dependency-correct by construction. In Buck1, the rules must obey a lot of | ||
| subtle side conditions with a much larger API. | ||
| - **Easier deployment** - for Buck2, deployment is just checking the rules in, | ||
| with an atomic commit changing associated macros (when required). For Buck1, | ||
| you have to make the repo work with the old and new rules and wait for a Buck | ||
| version bump to ship your changes, perhaps a few days later. | ||
| - **Low barrier to entry** - writing rules in Buck2 is vastly easier than Buck1, | ||
| significantly increasing the developer pool. This means that writing rules is | ||
| now accessible to language experts, not just Buck experts. | ||
|
|
||
| ## Benefits for Integrators | ||
|
|
||
| For those people who integrate Buck2 into larger systems, in addition to many of | ||
| the above benefits apply, Buck2 provides the following benefits: | ||
|
|
||
| - **Faster queries** - many integrators make extensive use of `buck uquery` and | ||
| `cquery`. In Buck2, these commands are **faster** and use **less memory**. | ||
| - For example, on CI target determination (a bunch of targets/queries), Buck2 | ||
| is 25% faster at P50 (moving to 40% faster at P95) with 25% less memory | ||
| (saving over 20Gb, and crossing below the 64Gb threshold). | ||
| - **Profiling** - Buck2 already ships with five types of profiling for both | ||
| loading and analysis (flame graphs, statement breakdown, heap profiles etc). | ||
| With Buck2, these tools are much more easily accessible to people not on the | ||
| Build Infra team. | ||
|
|
||
| <FbInternalOnly> | ||
|
|
||
| - **Eden friendly** - Buck2 is tuned for the Eden architecture, performing fewer | ||
| disk operations with greater parallelism. | ||
| - For example, the slowdown caused by using Eden for `targets` on `fbandroid` | ||
| is | ||
| [reduced from 300s to 80s](https://fb.workplace.com/groups/132499338763090/posts/132580122088345). | ||
| - **Better observability** - Buck2 populates many Scuba tables with information | ||
| about | ||
| [loading](https://www.internalfb.com/intern/scuba/query/?dataset=buck2_loads), | ||
| [analysis](https://www.internalfb.com/intern/scuba/query/?dataset=buck2_analyses), | ||
| [builds](https://www.internalfb.com/intern/scuba/query/?dataset=buck2_builds) | ||
| and | ||
| [errors](https://www.internalfb.com/intern/scuba/query/?dataset=buck2_action_errors), | ||
| and more. The architecture of Buck2 ensures that all important information can | ||
| be recorded in a uniform manner, enabling sensible trade-offs to be made about | ||
| what to store vs for how long. | ||
|
|
||
| </FbInternalOnly> | ||
|
|
||
| ## The downside | ||
|
|
||
| While there are many benefits, it would be remiss not to include a small list of | ||
| temporary issues: | ||
|
|
||
| - **Stability** - Buck2 is under active development, which means the risk of | ||
| regression is correspondingly higher. There may be issues, but they will be | ||
| fixed as quickly as possible (and lessons learned) through the through Meta's | ||
| SEV-review process. | ||
| - **Corner cases** - Buck1 has been battle-tested for nearly a decade, which has | ||
| included attention to events such as error messages in unlikely corner cases. | ||
| Only time and user feedback will enable Meta to bring Buck2 to the same level. | ||
| Please share all such feedback! | ||
|
|
||
| <FbInternalOnly> | ||
|
|
||
| - **Buck2 Web UI** - there isn’t yet a working Web UI equivalent to the one | ||
| provided by Buck1. But we’re working on it and hope to share an initial | ||
| version shortly. | ||
|
|
||
| </FbInternalOnly> |
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| --- | ||
| id: bootstrapping | ||
| title: Bootstrapping Buck2 | ||
| --- | ||
|
|
||
| # Bootstrapping Buck2 | ||
|
|
||
| To generate `BUCK` files for `buck2`'s dependencies, we use | ||
| [reindeer](https://github.com/facebookincubator/reindeer). | ||
|
|
||
| Note that the resulting binary will be compiled without optimisations or | ||
| [jemalloc](https://github.com/jemalloc/jemalloc), so we recommend using the | ||
| Cargo-produced binary in further development. | ||
|
|
||
| First, install `reindeer` with `Cargo`: | ||
|
|
||
| ```sh | ||
| cargo install --locked --git https://github.com/facebookincubator/reindeer reindeer | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| Next, run the following to buckify dependencies: | ||
|
|
||
| ```sh | ||
| cd buck2/ | ||
| reindeer --third-party-dir shim/third-party/rust buckify | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| Build `buck2` with `buck2`: | ||
|
|
||
| ```sh | ||
| buck2 build //:buck2 | ||
| ``` |
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