Add package info to SDK payload

[stayallive]

I have opted to implement this using a registration. This gives us the option to replace this integration in framework SDKs so we can also inject the framework SDK version by providing a specific SDKModuleIntegration there. This integration serves as a fallback is therefore registered at the end and only does something in case there is are no modules set by for example the default modules integration.

I misunderstood the assignment completely. So it's now rewritten to set information on the packages key of the SDK payload. Framework SDK are expected to add a integration like:

class LaravelPackageIntegration implements IntegrationInterface
{
    public function setupOnce(): void
    {
        Scope::addGlobalEventProcessor(static function (Event $event, ?EventHint $hint = null): Event {
            $self = SentrySdk::getCurrentHub()->getIntegration(self::class);

            if (!$self instanceof self) {
                return $event;
            }

            $event->appendSdkPackage([
                'name' => 'composer:sentry/sentry-laravel',
                'version' => Version::SDK_VERSION,
            ]);

            return $event;
        });
    }
}

This will append a package to the payload.

Fixes #1822