fix: eliminate nested bash layer in chroot command execution for Java/.NET

[Copilot]

Java and .NET runtimes fail inside AWF chroot mode because /proc/self/exe resolves to /bin/bash instead of the actual runtime binary. .NET CLR rejects execution with "cannot execute dotnet when renamed to bash" (exit 132); JVM misidentifies itself and outputs bash version info.

Root cause: Docker CMD ['/bin/bash', '-c', 'command'] is passed to the entrypoint as $@, then written to the chroot script file via printf '%q ' "$@", producing:

#!/bin/bash
export PATH="..."
/bin/bash -c java\ --version    # ← extra bash layer

This nested bash -c creates an intermediate process whose /proc/self/exe is /bin/bash, which propagates to runtimes checking their process identity.

Fix in entrypoint.sh:

• Detect the standard Docker CMD pattern ($1=/bin/bash, $2=-c, $#=3)
• Write $3 (the command string) directly into the script file, eliminating the nested bash layer
• Fall back to original printf '%q' behavior for non-standard invocations

# Before: nested bash -c wrapper
printf '%q ' "$@" >> "/host${SCRIPT_FILE}"

# After: direct command injection for standard Docker CMD pattern
if [ "$1" = "/bin/bash" ] && [ "$2" = "-c" ] && [ $# -eq 3 ] && [ -n "$3" ]; then
    printf '%s\n' "$3" >> "/host${SCRIPT_FILE}"
else
    printf '%q ' "$@" >> "/host${SCRIPT_FILE}"
fi

• Updated docs/chroot-mode.md to document the direct-write approach as part of the procfs resolution chain

Original prompt

---

This section details on the original issue you should resolve

<issue_title>Java and .NET runtimes fail to execute inside AWF chroot mode (v0.13.14)</issue_title>
<issue_description>## Summary

Java and .NET runtimes are completely non-functional inside the AWF agent container in chroot mode. All 20 repos tested (10 Java, 10 .NET) failed with 0 successful builds and 0 tests run. This was discovered during a large-scale build/test experiment across 98 OSS repositories spanning 10 programming languages.

Environment

• gh-aw: v0.43.2
• AWF: v0.13.14
• Runner: ubuntu-latest (GitHub Actions)
• Chroot mode: enabled (--enable-chroot)

.NET Failure

All 10 .NET repos failed identically. The dotnet CLI refuses to execute because it detects a process name mismatch:

Error: cannot execute dotnet when renamed to bash.
exit code: 132

The .NET CLR validates that its hosting process name matches "dotnet". Inside the AWF chroot execution chain (chroot → bash → capsh → bash → exec), the process name resolves to "bash" instead of "dotnet", triggering this hard security check.

Repos tested: BenchmarkDotNet, Bogus, Dapper, FluentValidation, Humanizer, Newtonsoft.Json, Polly, moq4, serilog, xunit

The Copilot agent attempted multiple workarounds including direct execution, wrapper scripts, Python subprocess, C wrappers, symlinks, and setsid — none could bypass the .NET SDK's process name validation.

Java Failure

All 10 Java repos failed identically. The Java binary outputs bash version information instead of executing Java commands. Maven and Gradle builds fail because the JVM cannot properly initialize.

Repos tested: caffeine, gson, guava, jackson-databind, mapstruct, mockito, mybatis-3, okhttp, resilience4j, retrofit

The root cause appears to be the same /proc/self/exe resolution issue — the JVM reads /proc/self/exe and finds /bin/bash instead of the Java binary, causing it to behave as a shell rather than a JVM.

Context

This was part of a build/test experiment across 10 languages (98 repos total). For comparison:

• Go: 8/10 repos built and tested successfully
• Python: 8/10 repos built successfully
• Rust: 3/10 fully passed (others hit separate linker/toolchain issues)
• JavaScript: 9/10 pipelines green
• Java: 0/10 — completely broken
• .NET: 0/10 — completely broken

The procfs mounting fix introduced in v0.13.13 (container-scoped mount -t proc at /host/proc) does not resolve these failures in v0.13.14.

Reproduction

1. Fork any Java or .NET repo (e.g., google/gson or dotnet/BenchmarkDotNet)
2. Add an agentic workflow with engine: copilot and network.allowed: [defaults, java] or [defaults, dotnet]
3. Compile with gh aw compile
4. Trigger the workflow
5. Observe the agent fails to execute java, mvn, gradle, or dotnet commands inside the AWF container</issue_description>

Comments on the Issue (you are @copilot in this section)

• Fixes Java and .NET runtimes fail to execute inside AWF chroot mode (v0.13.14) #711

---

💬 We'd love your input! Share your thoughts on Copilot coding agent in our 2 minute survey.

[Copilot]

Copilot wasn't able to review any files in this pull request.

---

💡 Add Copilot custom instructions for smarter, more guided reviews. Learn how to get started.

[github-actions]

🎬 THE END — Smoke Claude MISSION: ACCOMPLISHED! The hero saves the day! ✨

[github-actions]

📰 VERDICT: Smoke Copilot has concluded. All systems operational. This is a developing story. 🎤

[github-actions]

Smoke Test Results

Last 2 Merged PRs:

• fix: hide /tmp/gh-aw/mcp-config/ from agent containers #716: fix: hide /tmp/gh-aw/mcp-config/ from agent containers
• fix: mask /proc info and selective /dev mounting #719: fix: mask /proc info and selective /dev mounting

✅ GitHub MCP: Fetched recent PRs
✅ Playwright: Page title verified ("GitHub · Change is constant. GitHub keeps you ahead. · GitHub")
✅ File Write: Test file created
✅ Bash: File verified

Overall Status: PASS

AI generated by Smoke Claude

[github-actions]

C++ Build Test Results

Project	CMake	Build	Status
fmt	✅	✅	PASS
json	✅	✅	PASS

Overall: PASS ✅

All C++ projects built successfully.

AI generated by Build Test C++

[github-actions]

Build Test: Bun - ✅ PASS

Test Results

Project	Install	Tests	Status
elysia	✅	1/1	PASS
hono	✅	1/1	PASS

Overall: PASS ✅

All Bun projects built and tested successfully.

AI generated by Build Test Bun

[github-actions]

✅ GitHub MCP: PR #197 (release highlights), PR #706 (hide mcp-logs)
✅ Playwright: GitHub.com title verified
✅ File creation: /tmp/gh-aw/agent/smoke-test-copilot-21934568457.txt
✅ Bash verification: File readable

Status: PASS

cc @Mossaka @Copilot

AI generated by Smoke Copilot

[github-actions]

Go Build Test Results

Project	Download	Tests	Status
color	✅	1/1	PASS
env	✅	1/1	PASS
uuid	✅	1/1	PASS

Overall: PASS ✅

All Go projects successfully downloaded dependencies and passed their tests.

AI generated by Build Test Go

[github-actions]

Deno Build Test Results

Project	Tests	Status
oak	1/1	✅ PASS
std	1/1	✅ PASS

Overall: ✅ PASS

All Deno tests completed successfully.

AI generated by Build Test Deno

[github-actions]

Build Test: Node.js - Results

Project	Install	Tests	Status
clsx	✅	PASS	PASS
execa	✅	PASS	PASS
p-limit	✅	PASS	PASS

Overall: PASS ✅

All Node.js projects built and tested successfully.

AI generated by Build Test Node.js

[github-actions]

Rust Build Test Results

Project	Build	Tests	Status
fd	✅	1/1	PASS
zoxide	✅	1/1	PASS

Overall: PASS

All Rust projects built and tested successfully.

AI generated by Build Test Rust

[github-actions]

Java Build Test Results

Project	Compile	Tests	Status
gson	✅	1/1	PASS
caffeine	✅	1/1	PASS

Overall: PASS ✅

All Java projects successfully compiled and passed their test suites through the AWF firewall with Maven proxy configuration.

AI generated by Build Test Java

[github-actions]

🎬 THE END — Smoke Claude MISSION: ACCOMPLISHED! The hero saves the day! ✨

[github-actions]

📰 VERDICT: Smoke Copilot has concluded. All systems operational. This is a developing story. 🎤

[github-actions]

✨ The prophecy is fulfilled... Smoke Codex has completed its mystical journey. The stars align. 🌟

[github-actions]

Bun Build Test Results

Project	Install	Tests	Status
elysia	✅	1/1	PASS
hono	✅	1/1	PASS

Overall: PASS ✅

All Bun build tests completed successfully.

AI generated by Build Test Bun

[github-actions]

Smoke Test Results - Claude

Last 2 Merged PRs:

• fix: hide workDir from agent container to prevent secrets exposure
• fix(chroot): detect cargo binaries when CARGO_HOME unset

Test Results:

• ✅ GitHub MCP: Retrieved PR data successfully
• ✅ Playwright: Loaded github.com (title verified)
• ✅ File Writing: Created test file at /tmp/gh-aw/agent/smoke-test-claude-21961398452.txt
• ✅ Bash Tool: Verified file contents

Overall Status: PASS

AI generated by Smoke Claude

[github-actions]

C++ Build Test Results

Project	CMake	Build	Status
fmt	✅	✅	PASS
json	✅	✅	PASS

Overall: PASS ✅

All C++ projects built successfully.

AI generated by Build Test C++

[github-actions]

Node.js Build Test Results

Project	Install	Tests	Status
clsx	✅	PASS	PASS
execa	✅	PASS	PASS
p-limit	✅	PASS	PASS

Overall: PASS ✅

All three Node.js projects successfully installed dependencies and passed their test suites.

AI generated by Build Test Node.js

[github-actions]

Rust Build Test Results

Project	Build	Tests	Status
fd	✅	1/1	PASS
zoxide	✅	1/1	PASS

Overall: PASS ✅

All Rust projects built and tested successfully.

AI generated by Build Test Rust

[github-actions]

Go Build Test Results

Project	Download	Tests	Status
color	✅	1/1	PASS
env	✅	1/1	PASS
uuid	✅	1/1	PASS

Overall: PASS ✅

All Go projects successfully downloaded dependencies and passed their test suites.

AI generated by Build Test Go

[github-actions]

.NET Build Test Results

Project	Restore	Build	Run	Status
hello-world	✅	✅	✅	PASS
json-parse	✅	✅	✅	PASS

Overall: PASS

Test Output

hello-world:

• Output: Hello, World!

json-parse:

• Successfully parsed JSON and printed structured data
• Output: Name: AWF Test, Success: True

AI generated by Build Test .NET

[github-actions]

Deno Build Test Results

Project	Tests	Status
oak	1/1	✅ PASS
std	1/1	✅ PASS

Overall: ✅ PASS

All Deno tests completed successfully.

AI generated by Build Test Deno

[github-actions]

PR titles: fix: hide workDir from agent container to prevent secrets exposure | fix(chroot): detect cargo binaries when CARGO_HOME unset
GitHub MCP review (last 2 merged PRs) ✅
safeinputs-gh pr list ✅
Playwright title check ✅
Tavily web search ❌ (tool unavailable)
File write + cat ✅
Discussion query + comment ✅
npm ci && npm run build ✅
Overall status: FAIL

AI generated by Smoke Codex

[github-actions]

Java Build Test Results

Project	Compile	Tests	Status
gson	✅	1/1	PASS
caffeine	✅	1/1	PASS

Overall: PASS ✅

All Java projects compiled and tested successfully through AWF firewall with Maven proxy configuration.

AI generated by Build Test Java

[github-actions]

Chroot Version Comparison Test Results

Runtime	Host Version	Chroot Version	Match?
Python	3.12.12	3.12.3	❌ NO
Node.js	v24.13.0	v20.20.0	❌ NO
Go	go1.22.12	go1.22.12	✅ YES

Overall Result: Tests FAILED (not all versions match)

The chroot environment successfully accessed host binaries, but version mismatches were detected for Python and Node.js. Go versions matched correctly.

AI generated by Smoke Chroot

[github-actions]

Smoke Test Results

Last 2 Merged PRs:

• fix: hide workDir from agent container to prevent secrets exposure #718: fix: hide workDir from agent container to prevent secrets exposure
• fix(chroot): detect cargo binaries when CARGO_HOME unset #750: fix(chroot): detect cargo binaries when CARGO_HOME unset

Test Results:

• ✅ GitHub MCP: Retrieved merged PRs successfully
• ✅ Playwright: Navigated to github.com, page title contains "GitHub"
• ✅ File Writing: Created /tmp/gh-aw/agent/smoke-test-copilot-21961398432.txt
• ✅ Bash Tool: Verified file content successfully

Overall Status: PASS 🎉

cc @Mossaka @Copilot

AI generated by Smoke Copilot