[code] fix resolution of external URI

[akosyakov]

What it does

• fix "This content is blocked" in LaTeX workshop pdf viewer #4513: When we convert local URL to external URL (available form the local machine) then we should no drop path, query or fragment: gitpod-io/openvscode-server@5ee0238

How to test

• Since https://open-vsx.org/extension/James-Yu/latex-workshop is not adopted to run in remote context, you need to install the Gitpod Local Companion first, follow: https://www.gitpod.io/blog/local-app#installation
• Run the Gitpod Local Companion against prev env with:

GITPOD_HOST=https://akosyakov-this-content-is-blocked-4513.staging.gitpod-dev.com ./gitpod-local-companion-darwin --mock-keyring

• Now start a workspace: https://akosyakov-this-content-is-blocked-4513.staging.gitpod-dev.com/#https://github.com/jemand771/Vorlage-Latex/commit/62f11a70ac709171f7087c820712fb861d855163
• Click build (in the status bar) and wait for it to complete (5-10 seconds)
• open the Latex/main.tex file (or any other .tex file, if you want)
• Click view (the pdf icon, not the reload one). A splitscreen-like tab should open, displaying the error message from above.
• You should get something like:

[JanKoehnlein]

LGTM