Vulkan: Fix dangling pointers in `_clean_up_swap_chain` #7048

Job	Run time
📊 Static checks / Code style, file formatting, and docs	47s
🍎 macOS / Editor (target=editor, tests=yes)	5m 7s
🍎 macOS / Template (target=template_release)	5m 22s
🤖 Android / Template (target=template_release)	4m 1s
🍏 iOS / Template (target=template_release)	3m 1s
🐧 Linux / Editor w/ Mono (target=editor)	3m 48s
🐧 Linux / Editor with doubles and GCC sanitizers (target=editor, tests=yes, dev_build=yes, scu_build=yes, precision=double, use_asan=yes, use_ubsan=yes, linker=gold)	22m 32s
🐧 Linux / Editor with clang sanitizers (target=editor, tests=yes, dev_build=yes, use_asan=yes, use_ubsan=yes, use_llvm=yes, linker=lld)	8m 8s
🐧 Linux / Template w/ Mono (target=template_release)	1m 14s
🐧 Linux / Minimal template (target=template_release, everything disabled)	44s
🌐 Web / Template (target=template_release)	1m 37s
🏁 Windows / Editor (target=editor, tests=yes)	9m 27s
🏁 Windows / Template (target=template_release)	7m 53s
	1h 13m 41s

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