Opt-in to Vulkan features we actually use.

[darksylinc]

Opt-in to the features we actually need/use. These can be changed in the future.
The reasons for this change are:

1. Certain features (like sparse* stuff) cause unnecessary internal driver allocations.
2. Others like shaderStorageImageMultisample are a huge red flag (MSAA + Storage is rarely needed).
3. Most features when turned off aren't actually off (we just promise the driver not to use them) and it is validation what will complain. This allows us to target a minimum baseline.

TODO: Allow the user to override these settings (i.e. turn off more stuff) using profiles
so they can target a broad range of HW. For example Mali HW does not have
shaderClipDistance/shaderCullDistance; thus validation would complain if such feature is used;
allowing them to fix the problem without even owning Mali HW to test on.

Before this PR, Godot was opting in to whatever feature is supported by the HW except for robustBufferAccess.
Had this practice been done earlier #81775 would've been caught much earlier.

Unfortunately Godot exposed certain features (like wideLines & largePoints) that I would've preferred if they remained unexposed by default (GPU support is... suboptimal). They're only well-supported if you're doing CAD stuff with an NV Quadro.

[Calinou]

Would this help for #74227?

[darksylinc]

Would this help for #74227?

Oh I wish. No, it doesn't. Currently the code checks for it and aborts initialization because it is required.

To fix that issue, a fallback shader & C++ code needs to be written.

[BastiaanOlij]

Yeah this looks good to me, I didn't give this a lot of thought originally. Originally we actually didn't enable a lot of features we did use and ran into both the validation errors you mentioned, and in some HW crashes when we started using features we never enabled.

While this change doesn't prevent us from enabling features that we use and probably shouldn't, at least it's immediately clear from the code which features we are enabling because we expect to use them if available.

[clayjohn]

Looks good!

No need to cherrypick to earlier versions

[akien-mga]

Thanks!