Provide translation strings for folder colors

[KoBeWi]

Addresses #80440 (comment)
I hope the string extractor doesn't ignore comments >_>

[YuriSizov]

I mean, if it works... 🙃 Could probably replace Color with Pair<Color, String> in the hashmap, though.

[timothyqiu]

It feels hacky to use the fact that we extract strings without considering comments ;)

But anyway, it should be relatively easy to modify the code here if we need to modify that extraction behavior later.

[akien-mga]

Thanks!