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An abbreviation of a word follows the form . Below are some examples of word abbreviations:
a) it --> it (no abbreviation)
1
b) d|o|g --> d1g
1 1 1
1---5----0----5--8
c) i|nternationalizatio|n --> i18n
1
1---5----0
d) l|ocalizatio|n --> l10n
Assume you have a dictionary and given a word, find whether its abbreviation is unique in the dictionary. A word's abbreviation is unique if no other word from the dictionary has the same abbreviation.
An abbreviation of a word follows the form . Below are some examples of word abbreviations:
Assume you have a dictionary and given a word, find whether its abbreviation is unique in the dictionary. A word's abbreviation is unique if no other word from the dictionary has the same abbreviation.
Example:
这道题让我们求独特的单词缩写,但是题目中给的例子不是很清晰,来看下面三种情况:
1. dictionary = {"dear"}, isUnique("door") -> false
2. dictionary = {"door", "door"}, isUnique("door") -> true
3. dictionary = {"dear", "door"}, isUnique("door") -> false
从上面三个例子可以看出,当缩写一致的时候,字典中的单词均和给定单词相同时,返回 true。这里需要用 HashMap 来建立缩写形式和其对应的单词的映射,把所有缩写形式的相同单词放到一个 HashSet 中,然后再判断是否 unique 的时候只需要看给定单词的缩写形式的 HashSet 里面该单词的个数是否和 HashSet 中的元素总数相同,相同的话就是上面的第二种情况,返回 true。需要注意的是由于 HashSet 中不能有重复值,所有上面第二种情况只会有一个 door 存在 HashSet 里,但是并不影响判断结果,参见代码如下:
解法一:
如果我们想省一些空间,也可以不用 HashSet,但如何区分上面的第二和第三种情况呢,在遇到 HashMap 中没有当前缩写形式的时候,将该缩写形式和当前单词建立映射,如果该缩写形式应经存在,那么看如果映射的单词不是当前单词,将映射单词改为空字符串,这样做的原因是,在对于第三种情况 dictionary = {"dear", "door"} 时,遍历 dear 时,建立 d2r 和 dear 的映射,当遍历到 door 的时候,由于 door 和 dear 不同,将映射改为 d2r 和 "" 映射,而对于第二种情况 dictionary = {"door", "door"},保留 d2r 和 door 的映射,那么这样在判断 door 是否 unique 时,就可以区别第二种和第三种情况了,参见代码如下:
解法二:
Github 同步地址:
#288
类似题目:
Two Sum III - Data structure design
Generalized Abbreviation
参考资料:
https://leetcode.com/problems/unique-word-abbreviation/
https://leetcode.com/problems/unique-word-abbreviation/discuss/73133/8-lines-in-C%2B%2B...
https://leetcode.com/problems/unique-word-abbreviation/discuss/73143/Java-Solution-with-One-HashMaplessString-Stringgreater-beats-90-of-Submissions
LeetCode All in One 题目讲解汇总(持续更新中...)
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