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Given a string representing arbitrarily nested ternary expressions, calculate the result of the expression. You can always assume that the given expression is valid and only consists of digits 0-9, ?, :, T and F (T and Frepresent True and False respectively).
Note:
The length of the given string is ≤ 10000.
Each number will contain only one digit.
The conditional expressions group right-to-left (as usual in most languages).
The condition will always be either T or F. That is, the condition will never be a digit.
The result of the expression will always evaluate to either a digit 0-9, T or F.
Example 1:
Input: "T?2:3"
Output: "2"
Explanation: If true, then result is 2; otherwise result is 3.
Example 2:
Input: "F?1:T?4:5"
Output: "4"
Explanation: The conditional expressions group right-to-left. Using parenthesis, it is read/evaluated as:
"(F ? 1 : (T ? 4 : 5))" "(F ? 1 : (T ? 4 : 5))"
-> "(F ? 1 : 4)" or -> "(T ? 4 : 5)"
-> "4" -> "4"
Example 3:
Input: "T?T?F:5:3"
Output: "F"
Explanation: The conditional expressions group right-to-left. Using parenthesis, it is read/evaluated as:
"(T ? (T ? F : 5) : 3)" "(T ? (T ? F : 5) : 3)"
-> "(T ? F : 3)" or -> "(T ? F : 5)"
-> "F" -> "F"
Given a string representing arbitrarily nested ternary expressions, calculate the result of the expression. You can always assume that the given expression is valid and only consists of digits
0-9
,?
,:
,T
andF
(T
andF
represent True and False respectively).Note:
T
orF
. That is, the condition will never be a digit.0-9
,T
orF
.Example 1:
Example 2:
Example 3:
这道题让我们解析一个三元表达式,我们通过分析题目中的例子可以知道,如果有多个三元表达式嵌套的情况出现,那么我们的做法是从右边开始找到第一个问号,然后先处理这个三元表达式,然后再一步一步向左推,这也符合程序是从右向左执行的特点。那么我最先想到的方法是用用一个stack来记录所有问号的位置,然后根据此问号的位置,取出当前的三元表达式,调用一个eval函数来分析得到结果,能这样做的原因是题目中限定了三元表达式每一部分只有一个字符,而且需要分析的三元表达式是合法的,然后我们把分析后的结果和前后两段拼接成一个新的字符串,继续处理之前一个问号,这样当所有问号处理完成后,所剩的一个字符就是答案,参见代码如下:
解法一:
下面这种方法也是利用栈stack的思想,但是不同之处在于不是存问号的位置,而是存所有的字符,将原数组从后往前遍历,将遍历到的字符都压入栈中,我们检测如果栈首元素是问号,说明我们当前遍历到的字符是T或F,然后我们移除问号,再取出第一部分,再移除冒号,再取出第二部分,我们根据当前字符来判断是放哪一部分进栈,这样遍历完成后,所有问号都处理完了,剩下的栈顶元素即为所求:
解法二:
下面这种方法更加简洁,没有用到栈,但是用到了STL的内置函数find_last_of,用于查找字符串中最后一个目前字符串出现的位置,这里我们找最后一个问号出现的位置,刚好就是最右边的问号,我们进行跟解法一类似的处理,拼接字符串,循环处理,参见代码如下:
解法三:
参考资料:
https://discuss.leetcode.com/topic/64389/easy-and-concise-5-lines-python-java-solution
https://discuss.leetcode.com/topic/64409/very-easy-1-pass-stack-solution-in-java-no-string-concat/2
LeetCode All in One 题目讲解汇总(持续更新中...)
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