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There are 8 prison cells in a row, and each cell is either occupied or vacant.
Each day, whether the cell is occupied or vacant changes according to the following rules:
(Note that because the prison is a row, the first and the last cells in the row can't have two adjacent neighbors.)
We describe the current state of the prison in the following way: cells[i] == 1 if the i-th cell is occupied, else cells[i] == 0.
cells[i] == 1
i
cells[i] == 0
Given the initial state of the prison, return the state of the prison after N days (and N such changes described above.)
N
Example 1:
Input: cells = [0,1,0,1,1,0,0,1], N = 7 Output: [0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0] Explanation: The following table summarizes the state of the prison on each day: Day 0: [0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1] Day 1: [0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] Day 2: [0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0] Day 3: [0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0] Day 4: [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0] Day 5: [0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0] Day 6: [0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0] Day 7: [0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0]
Example 2:
Input: cells = [1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0], N = 1000000000 Output: [0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0]
Note:
cells.length == 8
cells[i]
{0, 1}
1 <= N <= 10^9
这道题给了一个只由0和1构成的数组,数组长度固定为8,现在要进行N步变换,变换的规则是若一个位置的左右两边的数字相同,则该位置的数字变为1,反之则变为0,让求N步变换后的数组的状态。需要注意的数组的开头和结尾的两个位置,由于一个没有左边,一个没有右边,默认其左右两边的数字不相等,所以不管首尾数字初始的时候是啥,在第一次变换之后一定会是0,而且一直会保持0的状态。博主最开始做的时候,看题目标记的是 Medium,心想应该不需要啥特别的技巧,于是就写了一个暴力破解的,但是超时了 Time Limit Exceeded。给了一个超级大的N,不得不让博主怀疑是否能够直接遍历N,又看到了本题的标签是 Hash Table,说明了数组的状态可能是会有重复的,就是说可能是有一个周期循环的,这样就完全没有必要每次都算一遍。正确的做法的应该是建立状态和当前N值的映射,一旦当前计算出的状态在 HashMap 中出现了,说明周期找到了,这样就可以通过取余来快速的缩小N值。为了使用 HashMap 而不是 TreeMap,这里首先将数组变为字符串,然后开始循环N,将当前状态映射为 N-1,然后新建了一个长度为8,且都是0的字符串。更新的时候不用考虑首尾两个位置,因为前面说了,首尾两个位置一定会变为0。更新完成了后,便在 HashMap 查找这个状态是否出现过,是的话算出周期,然后N对周期取余。最后再把状态字符串转为数组即可,参见代码如下:
解法一:
class Solution { public: vector<int> prisonAfterNDays(vector<int>& cells, int N) { vector<int> res; string str; for (int num : cells) str += to_string(num); unordered_map<string, int> m; while (N > 0) { m[str] = N--; string cur(8, '0'); for (int i = 1; i < 7; ++i) { cur[i] = (str[i - 1] == str[i + 1]) ? '1' : '0'; } str = cur; if (m.count(str)) { N %= m[str] - N; } } for (char c : str) res.push_back(c - '0'); return res; } };
下面的解法使用了 TreeMap 来建立状态数组和当前N值的映射,这样就不用转为字符串了,写法是简单了一点,但是运行速度下降了许多,不过还是在 OJ 许可的范围之内,参见代码如下:
解法二:
class Solution { public: vector<int> prisonAfterNDays(vector<int>& cells, int N) { map<vector<int>, int> m; while (N > 0) { m[cells] = N--; vector<int> cur(8); for (int i = 1; i < 7; ++i) { cur[i] = (cells[i - 1] == cells[i + 1]) ? 1 : 0; } cells = cur; if (m.count(cells)) { N %= m[cells] - N; } } return cells; } };
下面这种解法是看 lee215 大神的帖子 中说的这个循环周期是 1,7,或者 14,知道了这个规律后,直接可以在开头就对N进行缩小处理,取最大的周期 14,使用 (N-1) % 14 + 1 的方法进行缩小,至于为啥不能直接对 14 取余,是因为首尾可能会初始化为1,而一旦N大于0的时候,返回的状态首尾一定是0。为了不使得正好是 14 的倍数的N直接缩小为0,所以使用了这么个小技巧,参见代码如下:
(N-1) % 14 + 1
解法三:
class Solution { public: vector<int> prisonAfterNDays(vector<int>& cells, int N) { for (N = (N - 1) % 14 + 1; N > 0; --N) { vector<int> cur(8); for (int i = 1; i < 7; ++i) { cur[i] = (cells[i - 1] == cells[i + 1]) ? 1 : 0; } cells = cur; } return cells; } };
Github 同步地址:
#957
类似题目:
参考资料:
https://leetcode.com/problems/prison-cells-after-n-days/
https://leetcode.com/problems/prison-cells-after-n-days/discuss/266854/Java%3A-easy-to-understand
https://leetcode.com/problems/prison-cells-after-n-days/discuss/205684/JavaPython-Find-the-Loop-or-Mod-14
LeetCode All in One 题目讲解汇总(持续更新中...)
The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered:
No branches or pull requests
There are 8 prison cells in a row, and each cell is either occupied or vacant.
Each day, whether the cell is occupied or vacant changes according to the following rules:
(Note that because the prison is a row, the first and the last cells in the row can't have two adjacent neighbors.)
We describe the current state of the prison in the following way:
cells[i] == 1
if thei
-th cell is occupied, elsecells[i] == 0
.Given the initial state of the prison, return the state of the prison after
N
days (andN
such changes described above.)Example 1:
Example 2:
Note:
cells.length == 8
cells[i]
is in{0, 1}
1 <= N <= 10^9
这道题给了一个只由0和1构成的数组,数组长度固定为8,现在要进行N步变换,变换的规则是若一个位置的左右两边的数字相同,则该位置的数字变为1,反之则变为0,让求N步变换后的数组的状态。需要注意的数组的开头和结尾的两个位置,由于一个没有左边,一个没有右边,默认其左右两边的数字不相等,所以不管首尾数字初始的时候是啥,在第一次变换之后一定会是0,而且一直会保持0的状态。博主最开始做的时候,看题目标记的是 Medium,心想应该不需要啥特别的技巧,于是就写了一个暴力破解的,但是超时了 Time Limit Exceeded。给了一个超级大的N,不得不让博主怀疑是否能够直接遍历N,又看到了本题的标签是 Hash Table,说明了数组的状态可能是会有重复的,就是说可能是有一个周期循环的,这样就完全没有必要每次都算一遍。正确的做法的应该是建立状态和当前N值的映射,一旦当前计算出的状态在 HashMap 中出现了,说明周期找到了,这样就可以通过取余来快速的缩小N值。为了使用 HashMap 而不是 TreeMap,这里首先将数组变为字符串,然后开始循环N,将当前状态映射为 N-1,然后新建了一个长度为8,且都是0的字符串。更新的时候不用考虑首尾两个位置,因为前面说了,首尾两个位置一定会变为0。更新完成了后,便在 HashMap 查找这个状态是否出现过,是的话算出周期,然后N对周期取余。最后再把状态字符串转为数组即可,参见代码如下:
解法一:
下面的解法使用了 TreeMap 来建立状态数组和当前N值的映射,这样就不用转为字符串了,写法是简单了一点,但是运行速度下降了许多,不过还是在 OJ 许可的范围之内,参见代码如下:
解法二:
下面这种解法是看 lee215 大神的帖子 中说的这个循环周期是 1,7,或者 14,知道了这个规律后,直接可以在开头就对N进行缩小处理,取最大的周期 14,使用
(N-1) % 14 + 1
的方法进行缩小,至于为啥不能直接对 14 取余,是因为首尾可能会初始化为1,而一旦N大于0的时候,返回的状态首尾一定是0。为了不使得正好是 14 的倍数的N直接缩小为0,所以使用了这么个小技巧,参见代码如下:解法三:
Github 同步地址:
#957
类似题目:
参考资料:
https://leetcode.com/problems/prison-cells-after-n-days/
https://leetcode.com/problems/prison-cells-after-n-days/discuss/266854/Java%3A-easy-to-understand
https://leetcode.com/problems/prison-cells-after-n-days/discuss/205684/JavaPython-Find-the-Loop-or-Mod-14
LeetCode All in One 题目讲解汇总(持续更新中...)
The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: