Backport of [NET-8367] security: upgrade google.golang.org/protobuf to 1.33.0 into release/1.2.x

[hc-github-team-consul-core]

Backport

This PR is auto-generated from #3719 to be assessed for backporting due to the inclusion of the label backport/1.2.x.

🚨

Warning automatic cherry-pick of commits failed. If the first commit failed,
you will see a blank no-op commit below. If at least one commit succeeded, you
will see the cherry-picked commits up to, not including, the commit where
the merge conflict occurred.

The person who merged in the original PR is:
@wilkermichael
This person should manually cherry-pick the original PR into a new backport PR,
and close this one when the manual backport PR is merged in.

merge conflict error: POST https://api.github.com/repos/hashicorp/consul-k8s/merges: 409 Merge conflict []

The below text is copied from the body of the original PR.

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Changes proposed in this PR

Change made by running

make go-mod-get DEP_VERSION=google.golang.org/protobuf@v1.33.0
make go-mod-get DEP_VERSION=github.com/golang/protobuf@v1.5.4

to bump dependency across submodules

Checklist

• Tests added
• CHANGELOG entry added

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Overview of commits

• d2d5173 - a48fb2f

[hashicorp-cla]

All committers have signed the CLA.