Merge bitcoin#30527: Bump python minimum supported version to 3.10

fa1b139 Bump python minimum supported version to 3.10 (MarcoFalke)

Pull request description:

  All supported operating systems ship with python 3.10 (or later), so bumping the minimum should not cause any issues. A bump will allow new code to use new python features.

  For reference:
  * https://packages.debian.org/bookworm/python3
  * https://packages.ubuntu.com/jammy/python3
  * FreeBSD 13/14 ships with 3.11
  * CentOS-like 8/9 ships with 3.11/3.12 (via `appstream`)
  * OpenSuse Tumbleweed ships with all python versions, e.g. https://software.opensuse.org/package/python312-base

  This is for Bitcoin Core 29.0 in 2025 (next year), not the soon upcoming 28.0 this fall.

ACKs for top commit:
  achow101:
    ACK fa1b139
  AngusP:
    ACK fa1b139
  l0rinc:
    ACK fa1b139
  stickies-v:
    ACK fa1b139

Tree-SHA512: 910b202ff2374bb21c93e5249a151fd2c8f63759bed5659676b0e467afa6e8e977be797c3fccceca303c82575e11ec236a8d7c5880910e4314b3875b820e7e8a

.python-version

@@ -1 +1 @@
-3.9.18
+3.10.14

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -540,7 +540,7 @@ if(WERROR)
   unset(werror_flag)
 endif()
 
-find_package(Python3 3.9 COMPONENTS Interpreter)
+find_package(Python3 3.10 COMPONENTS Interpreter)
 if(Python3_EXECUTABLE)
   set(PYTHON_COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE})
 else()

ci/test/00_setup_env_native_nowallet_libbitcoinkernel.sh

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ export LC_ALL=C.UTF-8
 
 export CONTAINER_NAME=ci_native_nowallet_libbitcoinkernel
 export CI_IMAGE_NAME_TAG="docker.io/debian:bookworm"
-# Use minimum supported python3.9 (or best-effort 3.11) and clang-16, see doc/dependencies.md
+# Use minimum supported python3.10 (or best-effort 3.11) and clang-16, see doc/dependencies.md
 export PACKAGES="python3-zmq clang-16 llvm-16 libc++abi-16-dev libc++-16-dev"
 export DEP_OPTS="NO_WALLET=1 CC=clang-16 CXX='clang++-16 -stdlib=libc++'"
 export GOAL="install"

ci/test/00_setup_env_native_previous_releases.sh

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ export LC_ALL=C.UTF-8
 
 export CONTAINER_NAME=ci_native_previous_releases
 export CI_IMAGE_NAME_TAG="docker.io/ubuntu:22.04"
-# Use minimum supported python3.9 (or best effort 3.10) and gcc-11, see doc/dependencies.md
+# Use minimum supported python3.10 and gcc-11, see doc/dependencies.md
 export PACKAGES="gcc-11 g++-11 python3-zmq"
 export DEP_OPTS="NO_UPNP=1 DEBUG=1 CC=gcc-11 CXX=g++-11"
 export TEST_RUNNER_EXTRA="--previous-releases --coverage --extended --exclude feature_dbcrash"  # Run extended tests so that coverage does not fail, but exclude the very slow dbcrash

doc/dependencies.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ You can find installation instructions in the `build-*.md` file for your platfor
 | [Clang](https://clang.llvm.org) | [16.0](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/30263) |
 | [CMake](https://cmake.org/) | [3.22](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/30454) |
 | [GCC](https://gcc.gnu.org) | [11.1](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/29091) |
-| [Python](https://www.python.org) (scripts, tests) | [3.9](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/28211) |
+| [Python](https://www.python.org) (scripts, tests) | [3.10](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/30527) |
 | [systemtap](https://sourceware.org/systemtap/) ([tracing](tracing.md))| N/A |
 
 ## Required