Revise the approach for setting level_compaction_dynamic_level_bytes

plugins/rocksdb/src/main/java/org/hyperledger/besu/plugin/services/storage/rocksdb/segmented/OptimisticRocksDBColumnarKeyValueStorage.java

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ public OptimisticRocksDBColumnarKeyValueStorage(
     try {
 
       db =
-          OptimisticTransactionDB.open(
+          RocksDBOpener.openOptimisticTransactionDBWithWarning(
               options, configuration.getDatabaseDir().toString(), columnDescriptors, columnHandles);
       initMetrics();
       initColumnHandles();

plugins/rocksdb/src/main/java/org/hyperledger/besu/plugin/services/storage/rocksdb/segmented/RocksDBColumnarKeyValueStorage.java

@@ -51,10 +51,12 @@
 import org.rocksdb.ColumnFamilyHandle;
 import org.rocksdb.ColumnFamilyOptions;
 import org.rocksdb.CompressionType;
+import org.rocksdb.ConfigOptions;
 import org.rocksdb.DBOptions;
 import org.rocksdb.Env;
 import org.rocksdb.LRUCache;
 import org.rocksdb.Options;
+import org.rocksdb.OptionsUtil;
 import org.rocksdb.ReadOptions;
 import org.rocksdb.RocksDB;
 import org.rocksdb.RocksDBException;
@@ -76,9 +78,6 @@ public abstract class RocksDBColumnarKeyValueStorage implements SegmentedKeyValu
   /** RocksDb blockcache size when using the high spec option */
   protected static final long ROCKSDB_BLOCKCACHE_SIZE_HIGH_SPEC = 1_073_741_824L;
 
-  /** RocksDb memtable size when using the high spec option */
-  protected static final long ROCKSDB_MEMTABLE_SIZE_HIGH_SPEC = 536_870_912L;
-
   /** Max total size of all WAL file, after which a flush is triggered */
   protected static final long WAL_MAX_TOTAL_SIZE = 1_073_741_824L;
 
@@ -186,15 +185,47 @@ public RocksDBColumnarKeyValueStorage(
    */
   private ColumnFamilyDescriptor createColumnDescriptor(
       final SegmentIdentifier segment, final RocksDBConfiguration configuration) {
-
+    boolean dynamicLevelBytes = true;
+    try {
+      ConfigOptions configOptions = new ConfigOptions();
+      DBOptions dbOptions = new DBOptions();
+      List<ColumnFamilyDescriptor> cfDescriptors = new ArrayList<>();
+
+      String latestOptionsFileName =
+          OptionsUtil.getLatestOptionsFileName(
+              configuration.getDatabaseDir().toString(), Env.getDefault());
+      LOG.trace("Latest OPTIONS file detected: " + latestOptionsFileName);
+
+      String optionsFilePath =
+          configuration.getDatabaseDir().toString() + "/" + latestOptionsFileName;
+      OptionsUtil.loadOptionsFromFile(configOptions, optionsFilePath, dbOptions, cfDescriptors);
+
+      LOG.trace("RocksDB options loaded successfully from: " + optionsFilePath);
+
+      if (!cfDescriptors.isEmpty()) {
+        Optional<ColumnFamilyOptions> matchedCfOptions = Optional.empty();
+        for (ColumnFamilyDescriptor descriptor : cfDescriptors) {
+          if (Arrays.equals(descriptor.getName(), segment.getId())) {
+            matchedCfOptions = Optional.of(descriptor.getOptions());
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+        if (matchedCfOptions.isPresent()) {
+          dynamicLevelBytes = matchedCfOptions.get().levelCompactionDynamicLevelBytes();
+          LOG.trace("dynamicLevelBytes is set to an existing value : " + dynamicLevelBytes);
+        }
+      }
+    } catch (RocksDBException ex) {
+      // Options file is not found in the database
+    }
     BlockBasedTableConfig basedTableConfig = createBlockBasedTableConfig(segment, configuration);
 
     final var options =
         new ColumnFamilyOptions()
             .setTtl(0)
             .setCompressionType(CompressionType.LZ4_COMPRESSION)
-            .setTableFormatConfig(basedTableConfig);
-
+            .setTableFormatConfig(basedTableConfig)
+            .setLevelCompactionDynamicLevelBytes(dynamicLevelBytes);
     if (segment.containsStaticData()) {
       options
           .setEnableBlobFiles(true)

plugins/rocksdb/src/main/java/org/hyperledger/besu/plugin/services/storage/rocksdb/segmented/RocksDBOpener.java

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright contributors to Besu.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
+ * an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+package org.hyperledger.besu.plugin.services.storage.rocksdb.segmented;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+
+import org.rocksdb.ColumnFamilyDescriptor;
+import org.rocksdb.ColumnFamilyHandle;
+import org.rocksdb.DBOptions;
+import org.rocksdb.OptimisticTransactionDB;
+import org.rocksdb.RocksDBException;
+import org.rocksdb.TransactionDB;
+import org.rocksdb.TransactionDBOptions;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Utility class for opening RocksDB instances with a warning mechanism.
+ *
+ * <p>This class provides methods to open RocksDB databases ({@link OptimisticTransactionDB} and
+ * {@link TransactionDB}) while monitoring the operation's duration. If the database takes longer
+ * than a predefined delay (default: 60 seconds) to open, a warning message is logged. This warning
+ * helps identify potential delays caused by factors such as RocksDB compaction.
+ */
+public class RocksDBOpener {
+
+  /**
+   * Default delay (in seconds) after which a warning is logged if the database opening operation
+   * has not completed.
+   */
+  public static final int DEFAULT_DELAY = 60;
+
+  /**
+   * Warning message logged when the database opening operation takes longer than the predefined
+   * delay.
+   */
+  public static final String WARN_MESSAGE =
+      "Opening RocksDB database is taking longer than 60 seconds... "
+          + "This may be due to prolonged RocksDB compaction. Please wait until the end of the compaction. "
+          + "No action is needed from the user.";
+
+  private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RocksDBOpener.class);
+
+  /**
+   * Default constructor.
+   *
+   * <p>This is a utility class and is not meant to be instantiated directly.
+   */
+  private RocksDBOpener() {
+    // Default constructor for RocksDBOpener
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Opens an {@link OptimisticTransactionDB} instance with a warning mechanism.
+   *
+   * <p>If the database opening operation takes longer than {@link #DEFAULT_DELAY} seconds, a
+   * warning message is logged indicating a possible delay caused by compaction.
+   *
+   * @param options the {@link DBOptions} instance used to configure the database.
+   * @param dbPath the file path to the RocksDB database directory.
+   * @param columnDescriptors a list of {@link ColumnFamilyDescriptor} objects for the column
+   *     families to open.
+   * @param columnHandles a list of {@link ColumnFamilyHandle} objects to be populated with the
+   *     opened column families.
+   * @return an instance of {@link OptimisticTransactionDB}.
+   * @throws RocksDBException if the database cannot be opened.
+   */
+  public static OptimisticTransactionDB openOptimisticTransactionDBWithWarning(
+      final DBOptions options,
+      final String dbPath,
+      final List<ColumnFamilyDescriptor> columnDescriptors,
+      final List<ColumnFamilyHandle> columnHandles)
+      throws RocksDBException {
+    return openDBWithWarning(
+        () -> OptimisticTransactionDB.open(options, dbPath, columnDescriptors, columnHandles));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Opens a {@link TransactionDB} instance with a warning mechanism.
+   *
+   * <p>If the database opening operation takes longer than {@link #DEFAULT_DELAY} seconds, a
+   * warning message is logged indicating a possible delay caused by compaction.
+   *
+   * @param options the {@link DBOptions} instance used to configure the database.
+   * @param transactionDBOptions the {@link TransactionDBOptions} for transaction-specific
+   *     configuration.
+   * @param dbPath the file path to the RocksDB database directory.
+   * @param columnDescriptors a list of {@link ColumnFamilyDescriptor} objects for the column
+   *     families to open.
+   * @param columnHandles a list of {@link ColumnFamilyHandle} objects to be populated with the
+   *     opened column families.
+   * @return an instance of {@link TransactionDB}.
+   * @throws RocksDBException if the database cannot be opened.
+   */
+  public static TransactionDB openTransactionDBWithWarning(
+      final DBOptions options,
+      final TransactionDBOptions transactionDBOptions,
+      final String dbPath,
+      final List<ColumnFamilyDescriptor> columnDescriptors,
+      final List<ColumnFamilyHandle> columnHandles)
+      throws RocksDBException {
+    return openDBWithWarning(
+        () ->
+            TransactionDB.open(
+                options, transactionDBOptions, dbPath, columnDescriptors, columnHandles));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * A generic method to open a RocksDB database with a warning mechanism.
+   *
+   * <p>If the operation takes longer than {@link #DEFAULT_DELAY} seconds, a warning message is
+   * logged.
+   *
+   * @param dbOperation a lambda or method reference representing the database opening logic.
+   * @param <T> the type of the database being opened (e.g., {@link OptimisticTransactionDB} or
+   *     {@link TransactionDB}).
+   * @return an instance of the database being opened.
+   * @throws RocksDBException if the database cannot be opened.
+   */
+  private static <T> T openDBWithWarning(final DBOperation<T> dbOperation) throws RocksDBException {
+    AtomicBoolean operationCompleted = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+    ScheduledExecutorService scheduler = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
+    scheduler.schedule(
+        () -> {
+          if (!operationCompleted.get()) {
+            LOG.warn(WARN_MESSAGE);
+          }
+        },
+        DEFAULT_DELAY,
+        TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+
+    try {
+      T db = dbOperation.open();
+      operationCompleted.set(true);
+      return db;
+    } finally {
+      scheduler.shutdown();
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Functional interface representing a database opening operation.
+   *
+   * @param <T> the type of the database being opened.
+   */
+  @FunctionalInterface
+  private interface DBOperation<T> {
+    /**
+     * Opens the database.
+     *
+     * @return the opened database instance.
+     * @throws RocksDBException if an error occurs while opening the database.
+     */
+    T open() throws RocksDBException;
+  }
+}

plugins/rocksdb/src/main/java/org/hyperledger/besu/plugin/services/storage/rocksdb/segmented/TransactionDBRocksDBColumnarKeyValueStorage.java

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public TransactionDBRocksDBColumnarKeyValueStorage(
     try {
 
       db =
-          TransactionDB.open(
+          RocksDBOpener.openTransactionDBWithWarning(
               options,
               txOptions,
               configuration.getDatabaseDir().toString(),