70 740

Installation, Storage, and Compute with Windows Server 2016 (70-740)

Windows Server 2016 installations are informed by the most suitable installation method, installation option (Desktop Experience, Server Core , or Nano Server), and edition as well as activation model.
Windows Server 2016 Datacenter edition is the only edition with several important features that play an important part in the exam: Storage Spaces Direct (S2D) , Shielded VMs, Storage Replica, and Network Controller.
Idempotent configuration management is available with Desired State Configuration (DSC) .
The servicing channel is also an important consideration.

Nano Server is a new installation option even smaller than Server Core. Nano Server images are created using PowerShell.
Microsoft removed this objective from the exam on November 2, 2018.

Firms have begun virtualizing physical servers and migrating the data to Virtual Hard Disk Drives (VHD).
The Microsoft Assessment and Planning (MAP) Toolkit is a free software tool that intelligently constructs a database of the hardware, software, and performance of computers on a network to plan for an operating system upgrade or virtualization.

Hard drives have the option of GPT or MBR partition tables and NTFS or ReFS file systems.
File shares have the choice of SMB or NFS protocols.

Storage Spaces can create storage pools spanning many drives, and is preferred to using software RAID with disk.management.msc. Like RAID, Storage Spaces offers resiliency options including Simple, Parity, and Mirror.
iSCSI model of initiators and targets is analogous to clients and servers.
Storage Replica supports one-way replication between servers, clusters, or storage devices.

Data deduplication is a role service that conserves storage space for certain deployment scenarios, including general purpose file servers, VDI deployments, and backups.

Hyper-V is a type I hypervisor that can host VMs, called guests.
Hyper-V can be managed via GUI or PowerShell.
Hyper-V authentication can be Kerberos or CredSSP.
PowerShell remoting can be explicit or implicit. PowerShell Direct is similar to implicit remoting in that it allows commands to be applied to VMs specified with VmName.

Hyper-V guests can take advantage of a range of performance features, including dynamic RAM and device passthrough.
Linux and BSD guest OS performance can be improved with integration services are installed which increase interoperability with the Hyper-V host.

IDE controllers are only available on Generation 1 VMs; Generation 2 VMs exclusively use SCSI controllers.
VHD files come in two different formats (.vhd and .vhdx) a variety of forms, including differencing disks

Virtual switches can be external, internal, or private, and Hyper-V guests can have up to 8 virtual NICs.
NIC teaming can be configured by teaming mode as well as load balancing mode. Bandwidth management can also be done by setting limits on the virtual NIC.
PXE boot is supported on Generation 2 VMs with synthetic NICs and Generation 1 VMs on a legacy NIC.

Containers run processes in an isolated namespace, meaning it only has access to the resources made available to it by the container runtime environment.
Windows Server 2016 supports both Hyper-V Containers, where each container runs its own kernel, as well as normal containers that share the kernel of the container runtime.
Nano Server can no longer host containers; rather Nano Server instances are now intended to be themselves deployed as containers.