Fox

Property Based Testing for Objective-C and Swift. Automatic generation of software tests.

You might have heard of this or similar technologies through the various genres of testing frameworks and/or libraries:

• Haskell QuickCheck
• Clojure test.check
• Erlang QuickCheck (most advanced but commerical)
• Property Based Testing
• Model Based Testing
• Simulation Testing

Fox is a port of test.check for Objective-C. Unlike some ports of QuickCheck, Fox does implement shrinking (test.check does implement that too).

More thorough than Example-Based Tests

Test generation can provide better coverage than example-based tests. Instead of having to manually code test cases, Fox can generate tests for you.

Data Generation

The simpliest of test generation is providing random data. Fox can generate them for use if you can define specifications -- known properties of the subject under test:

FOXAssert(FOXForAll(FOXTuple(@[FOXInteger(), FOXInteger()]), ^BOOL(NSArray *values){
    NSInteger x = [tuple[0] integerValue];
    NSInteger y = [tuple[1] integerValue];
    return x + y > x;
});

Once a failing example is produced, Fox will attempt to find the smallest possible example that also exhibits the same failure:

Property failed with: @[@0, @0].

Stateful Testing

How can you test stateful APIs? Represent the state changes as data! Using a state machine, define a model of how your API is suppose to work. Here's one for a queue:

// define a state machine. Model state is the state of your application and
// can be represented with any object you want -- Fox does not interpret it.
FOXFiniteStateMachine *stateMachine = [[FOXFiniteStateMachine alloc] initWithInitialModelState:@[]];

// Adds a transition to the state machine:
// - The API to test is -[addObject:]
// - The generator for the argument is a random integer in an NSNumber
// - A block indicating how to update the model state. This should not mutate the original model state.
[stateMachine addTransition:[FOXTransition byCallingSelector:@selector(addObject:)
                                               withGenerator:FOXInteger()
                                              nextModelState:^id(NSArray *modelState, id generatedValue) {
    return [modelState arrayByAddingObject:generatedValue];
}]];
// Add a custom transition (see FOXStateTransition protocol)
[stateMachine addTransition:[[QueueRemoveTransition alloc] init]];

Now, you can generate tests that exercise an API:

// Generate a sequence of commands executed on the given subject. Since
// this will generate multiple tests, you also give a block of a subject.
id<FOXGenerator> executedCommands = FOXExecuteCommands(stateMachine, ^id {
    return [FOXQueue new];
});

// Verify if the executed commands validated the API conformed to the state machine.
FOXRunnerResult *result = [FOXSpecHelper resultForAll:executedCommands
                                                 then:^BOOL(NSArray *commands) {
    return FOXExecutedSuccessfully(commands);
}];
// result will shrinking to the small sequence of API calls to trigger the
// failure if there is one

Read more at the latest documentation.

Installation

From the documentation.

Fox can be installed in multiple ways. If you don't have a preference, install via git submodule.

Fox honors semantic versioning as humanly possible. If you're unsure if a given update is backwards incompatible with your usage. Check out the releases.

Manually (Git Submodule)

Add Fox as a submodule to your project:

$ git submodule add https://github.com/jeffh/Fox.git Externals/Fox

If you don't want bleeding edge, check out the particular tag of the version:

$ cd Externals/Fox
$ git checkout v1.0.1

Add Fox.xcodeproj to your Xcode project (not Fox.xcworkspace). Then link Fox-iOS or Fox-OSX to your test target.

And you're all set up! Dive right in by following the tutorial.

CocoaPods

Add to your Podfile for you test target to have the latest stable version of Fox:

pod 'Fox', '~>1.0.0'

And then pod install.

And you're all set up! Dive right in by following the tutorial.

Reference

If you want to see examples of usages, see the full reference.

Data Generators

There are many data generators provided for generating data. Most of these generators shrink to zero:

• Numerically zero (or as close as possible)
• Empty collection (or at least shrunk items)

Function	Generates	Description
FOXInteger	NSNumber *	Generates random integers
FOXPositiveInteger	NSNumber *	Generates random zero or positive integers
FOXNegativeInteger	NSNumber *	Generates random zero or negative integers
FOXStrictPositiveInteger	NSNumber *	Generates random positive integers (non-zero)
FOXStrictNegativeInteger	NSNumber *	Generates random negative integers (non-zero)
FOXChoose	NSNumber *	Generates random integers between the given range (inclusive)
FOXFloat	NSNumber *	Generates random floats that conform to the IEEE standard.
FOXDouble	NSNumber *	Generates random doubles that conforms to the IEEE standard.
FOXDecimalNumber	NSNumber *	Generates random decimal numbers.
FOXReturn	id	Always returns the given value. Does not shrink
FOXTuple	NSArray *	Generates random fixed-sized arrays of generated values. Values generated are in the same order as the generators provided.
FOXTupleOfGenerators	NSArray *	Generates random fixed-sized arrays of generated values. Values generated are in the same order as the generators provided.
FOXArray	NSArray *	Generates random variable-sized arrays of generated values.
FOXArrayOfSize	NSArray *	Generates random fixed-sized arrays of generated values. Values generated are in the same order as the generators provided.
FOXArrayOfSizeRange	NSArray *	Generates random variable-sized arrays of generated values. Array size is within the given range (inclusive).
FOXDictionary	NSDictionary *	Generates random dictionaries of generated values. Keys are known values ahead of time. Specified in @{<key>: <generator>} form.
FOXSet	NSSet *	Generates random sets of a given generated values.
FOXCharacter	NSString *	Generates random 1-length sized character string. May be an unprintable character.
FOXAlphabetCharacter	NSString *	Generates random 1-length sized character string. Only generates alphabetical letters.
FOXNumericCharacter	NSString *	Generates random 1-length sized character string. Only generates digits.
FOXAlphanumericCharacter	NSString *	Generates random 1-length sized character string. Only generates alphanumeric.
FOXAsciiCharacter	NSString *	Generates random 1-length sized character string. Only generates ascii characters.
FOXString	NSString *	Generates random variable length strings. May be an unprintable string.
FOXStringOfLength	NSString *	Generates random fixed length strings. May be an unprintable string.
FOXStringOfLengthRange	NSString *	Generates random length strings within the given range (inclusive). May be an unprintable string.
FOXAsciiString	NSString *	Generates random variable length strings. Only generates ascii characters.
FOXAsciiStringOfLength	NSString *	Generates random fixed length strings. Only generates ascii characters.
FOXAsciiStringOfLengthRange	NSString *	Generates random variable length strings within the given range (inclusive). Only generates ascii characters.
FOXAlphabeticalString	NSString *	Generates random variable length strings. Only generates alphabetical characters.
FOXAlphabeticalStringOfLength	NSString *	Generates random fixed length strings. Only generates alphabetical characters.
FOXAlphabeticalStringOfLengthRange	NSString *	Generates random variable length strings within the given range (inclusive). Only generates alphabetical characters.
FOXAlphanumericalString	NSString *	Generates random variable length strings. Only generates alphabetical characters.
FOXAlphanumericalStringOfLength	NSString *	Generates random fixed length strings. Only generates alphanumeric characters.
FOXAlphanumericalStringOfLengthRange	NSString *	Generates random variable length strings within the given range (inclusive). Only generates alphanumeric characters.
FOXNumericalString	NSString *	Generates random variable length strings. Only generates numeric characters.
FOXNumericalStringOfLength	NSString *	Generates random fixed length strings. Only generates numeric characters.
FOXNumericalStringOfLengthRange	NSString *	Generates random variable length strings within the given range (inclusive). Only generates numeric characters.
FOXSimpleType	id	Generates random simple types. A simple type does not compose with other types. May not be printable.
FOXPrintableSimpleType	id	Generates random simple types. A simple type does not compose with other types. Ensured to be printable.
FOXCompositeType	id	Generates random composite types. A composite type composes with the given generator.
FOXAnyObject	id	Generates random simple or composite types.
FOXAnyPrintableObject	id	Generates random printable simple or composite types.

Computation Generators

Also, you can compose some computation work on top of data generators. The resulting generator adopts the same shrinking properties as the original generator.

Function	Description
FOXMap	Applies a block to each generated value.
FOXBind	Applies a block to the value that the original generator generates.
FOXResize	Overrides the given generator's size parameter with the specified size. Prevents shrinking.
FOXOptional	Creates a new generator that has a 25% chance of returning nil instead of the provided generated value.
FOXFrequency	Dispatches to one of many generators by probability. Takes an array of tuples (2-sized array) - @[@[@probability_uint, generator]]. Shrinking follows whatever generator is returned.
FOXSized	Encloses the given block to create generator that is dependent on the size hint generators receive when generating values.
FOXSuchThat	Returns each generated value iff it satisfies the given block. If the filter excludes more than 10 values in a row, the resulting generator assumes it has reached maximum shrinking.
FOXSuchThatWithMaxTries	Returns each generated value iff it satisfies the given block. If the filter excludes more than the given max tries in a row, the resulting generator assumes it has reached maximum shrinking.
FOXOneOf	Returns generated values by randomly picking from an array of generators. Shrinking is dependent on the generator chosen.
FOXForAll	Asserts using the block and a generator and produces test assertion results (FOXPropertyResult). Shrinking tests against smaller values of the given generator.
FOXForSome	Like FOXForAll, but allows the assertion block to "skip" potentially invalid test cases.
FOXCommands	Generates arrays of FOXCommands that satisfies a given state machine.
FOXExecuteCommands	Generates arrays of FOXExecutedCommands that satisfies a given state machine and executed against a subject. Can be passed to FOXExecutedSuccessfully to verify if the subject conforms to the state machine.