Added Offsets and OffsetsBuffer

[jorgecarleitao]

This PR is a backward incompatible change that improves performance of compute and IO by reducing the number of runtime checks performed to arrays with offsets (Binary, Utf8, List, Map).

It introduces two new structs, Offsets(Vec<O>) and OffsetsBuffer(Buffer<O>) that upheld the invariants of Arrow offsets (i.e. always contain an element and monotonically increasing).

This is expected to improve performance of:

• Compute take
• Compute substring
• Compute cast
• IO Avro read of lists
• IO Parquet read of binary, utf8 and lists
• IO JSON read of lists

by skipping checks of whether the offsets are well constructed.

It also removes some uses of unsafe (-42 LOC, +22 LOC)

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Base: 83.13% // Head: 83.16% // Increases project coverage by +0.03% 🎉

Coverage data is based on head (c150c7c) compared to base (1fa497f).
Patch coverage: 87.63% of modified lines in pull request are covered.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1316      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   83.13%   83.16%   +0.03%     
==========================================
  Files         369      370       +1     
  Lines       40245    40192      -53     
==========================================
- Hits        33458    33426      -32     
+ Misses       6787     6766      -21     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
src/array/binary/fmt.rs	92.30% <ø> (ø)
src/array/binary/from.rs	100.00% <ø> (ø)
src/array/binary/iterator.rs	75.00% <ø> (ø)
src/array/equal/binary.rs	100.00% <ø> (ø)
src/array/equal/list.rs	100.00% <ø> (ø)
src/array/equal/mod.rs	82.14% <ø> (ø)
src/array/equal/utf8.rs	100.00% <ø> (ø)
src/array/growable/utils.rs	100.00% <ø> (ø)
src/array/list/fmt.rs	94.44% <ø> (ø)
src/array/list/iterator.rs	32.14% <ø> (ø)
... and 101 more

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